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Nursing 207 Exam 1 > Ch.1 > Flashcards

Ch.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

a masters degree educated RN who assumes accountability for client care outcomes through the assimilation and application of research-based information to design, implement, and evaluate client plans of care.

A

Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL)

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2
Q

A practice-focused doctoral degree in nursing

A

Doctor of nursing practice (DNP)

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3
Q

An advanced practice nurse who possesses expertise in a defined area of nursing practice for a selected client population or clinical setting.
-expert clinician, educated, consultant, researcher, and administrator

A

Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)

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4
Q

Considered the founder of organized, professional nursing

A

Florence Nightingale (1820-1910)

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5
Q

A specially trained professional that addresses the humanistic and holistic needs of patients, families, and environments and provides responses to patterns and/or needs of patients, families and communities to actual and potential health problems

A

Professional nurse

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6
Q

What period had health practices that were strongly guided by beliefs of magic, religion, and superstition?

A

Prehistoric period

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7
Q

In this period people were said to be cursed by evil spirits and evil gods who caused suffering and death if not cast out

A

Prehistoric period

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8
Q

In this period members of tribes participated in rituals, wore masks, and engaged in demonstrative dances to rid the sick of demonic possesion of the body

A

Prehistoric period

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9
Q

in this period, sacrifices and offerings, even human sacrifices, were made to rid the body of evil gods, demons, and spirits.

A

prehistoric period

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10
Q

in this period, tribes used special herbs, roots and vegetables to cast out the “curse” of illness

A

prehistoric period

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11
Q

in this period, they valued personal health, preventative to please gods

A

early civilization

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12
Q

this period has laws on cleanliness, food use & preparation, drinking, exercise, sex, pharmacopeia more than 700 remedies

A

early civilization

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13
Q

in this period some women hired in some nursingish roles

A

early civilizations

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14
Q

palestine

A
  • mosaic code first organized method disease control and prevention
  • Hebrew priests were health inspectors
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15
Q

Greece

A
  • Gods and goddesses controlled health/illness
  • Aesclepius (god of medicine) temple to help care for the sick
  • Aesclepius sign now medical caduceus (serpine ambulance)
  • Hipocrates (father of med) (disease due to natural cause)
    - scientific, patient centered approach
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16
Q

India

A
  • Vedas (books on health practices (hygiene & preven)
  • Developed major/minor surgeries
  • prenatal care
  • suturing
  • hospitals staffed by women
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17
Q

China

A
  • yin & yang (imbalance causes illness)

- acupuncture hydrotherapy message promote health

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18
Q

Rome

A
  • Adapted practice of conquered places
  • first military hospital europe in rome
  • male & female carers
    - military nurses were only men
  • advanced hygiene & sanitation
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19
Q

Middle ages

A
  • women care for sick in homes
  • herbs
  • men used purging leeching mercury
  • physicians gave little medical care
  • catholic church figure in health care
  • changes in health care based on charity & sanctity of life
  • cross @ this time became forerunner for design of nursing pins
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20
Q

Renaissance & reformation

A
  • MAJOR advances in med, pharm, chem, & med knowledge
  • ” dark ages of nursing”
  • nursing no longer appealed to women because the type of care that was delegated to women would be prisoners, thieves, drunks, whores
    - poor pay
    - long hours
  • sisters of charity
  • st. vincent de paul
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21
Q

what does HC stand for?

A

Health care

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22
Q

Where was the Hospital of immaculate conception?

A

Mexico

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23
Q

what was the hospital of immaculate conception?

A

first in North America, med school of University of Mexico

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24
Q

Ben Franklin built what? and in what year?

A

Penn hospital; 1751

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25
Q

where did florence Nightingale do her nurse training at in 1851?

A

Institute Deconesses in Germany

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26
Q

where did florence nightingale train in 1854?

A

Harley Street nursing home

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27
Q

where was florence a superintendant nurse at?

A

Kings college hospital london

28
Q

Founder of professional nursing?

A

Florence Nightingale

29
Q
  • values aseptic techniques

- values political activism to affect HC

A

Florence Nightingale

30
Q

Founded nursing school in england

A

Florence Nightingale

31
Q

who made the first pie chart about sanitation that decreased death from 42%-2%

A

Florence Nightingale

32
Q

Acronym to remember the periods and ages

A 
Please Exuse My Roommate Chayo
(Remember chayo is mexican, colonial has to do with mexico)
Prehistoric period
Early ages
Middle Ages
Renaissance and reformation period
Colonial american period
33
Q

hospitals and transports were put in place on the battle field to carry the wounded to the hospitals. What period

A

civil war period

34
Q

women providing nursing care during the Civil War worked under very ______conditions

A

primitive

35
Q

When the civil war ended, the number of nurse training schools (increased or decreased?)

A

increased

36
Q

what was the name of the first nursing textbook?

A

A Manual of Nursing

37
Q

In 1886, who funded the establishment of the first school of nursing for African American women at the Atlanta Baptist Seminary, which is now Spelman College

A

John D. Rockefeller

38
Q

In what years did states began to require nurses to become registered before entering practice.

A

1900s

39
Q

What was the main location for Lillian Wald’s public health practice in the 20th century?

A

Henry Street Settlement House

40
Q

Where is the Henry Street Settlement House located?

A

New York

41
Q

What was the purpose of Henry Street?

A

to provide well-baby care, health education, disease prevention, and treatment of patients with minor illnesses

42
Q

What does ANA stand for?

A

American Nurses Association

43
Q

What does NLN stand for?

A

National League for Nursing

44
Q

this organization has focused primarily on professional aspects of nursing

A

ANA

45
Q

was established as an agency devoted exclusively to the accreditation of baccalaureate and graduate degree nursing programs

A

AACN American association of critical care nurses

46
Q

who discovered penicillin

A

Alexander Fleming

47
Q

This foundation assisted in efforts to continue public health nursing

A

American Red Cross

48
Q

This schools purpose was to provide an intensive 2 year nurses training program for college graduates

A

Vassar Camp School for Nurses

49
Q

What act introduced medicare and medicaid?

A

Social Security Act

50
Q

After what war did nurses actually attain ranks of officers?

A

WWII

51
Q

what are MASH units?

A

Mobile Army Surgical Hospitals

52
Q

What is a Hill Burton fund?

A

a fund to build hospitals

53
Q

before 1983, medicare payments were made to the hospital after the patient received services. How much of the bill was paid was typically paid without question?

A

the full bill

54
Q

What does DRG stand for?

A

Diagnosis- related Group system for reimbursement

55
Q

these were implemented to provide prospective payment for hospital services based on the patients admitting diagnosis and thereby to reduce the overall cost to Medicare

A

DRGS

56
Q

DRGs are determined by what two factors?

A

Length of Stay and cost of procedures

57
Q

This was a new area of specialization for the professional nurse that was introduced into the hospital and health care setting due to DRGs

A 
Case Management
(They want to make it efficient, and make each procedure cost the least amount of money. MedCare will give them a flat fee for procedures so if they can do it cheaper, the hosp profits from it.)
58
Q

during what years was outpatient surgery drastically improved?

A

1980s

59
Q

Why did Advanced nurse Practicioners increase in popularity in the 1980s

A

They could provide primary and preventive care at a lower cost than a doctor

60
Q

Why was there a drop in nursing enrollment in the 1990s?

A

health care was becoming more complex and nurses were assumed expanded roles

61
Q

In what years did creative shifts, 10 hour days, 4 day workweeks, 12 hour day, 3day workweek, become commonplace in health care facilities?

A

!990s

62
Q

growing concerns in the 1990s about the health of the nation caused which initiative?

A

Healthy people 2000

63
Q

what was causing the youth to be at risk in the 1990s?

A

cigarettes, sex with poly, no exercise, drugs, poor diets

64
Q

this act provides funds for nursing education, recruitment, and retention programs. It was signed by G W Bush in 2002

A

Nurse Reinvestment Act

65
Q

READ OVER PAGE 18

A

Last paragraph over Robert Wood Johnson foundation

66
Q

This act represents the broadest changes to the health care system since the creation of medicaid and medicare

A

ACA; Affordable Care Act

Nursing 207 Exam 1 (3 decks)

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