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Question 1

Define criminology

Answer 1

scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system. It encompasses various aspects such as the causes of crime, the social impact of crime, patterns of criminal behavior, and the response of society to crime.

Question 2

Disciplines of criminology/ crim. justice

Answer 2

understanding why people commit crimes, examining the factors that contribute to criminal behavior, and developing theories to explain criminal conduct. Criminologists may conduct research using methods from sociology, psychology, biology, economics, and other fields to explore the complexities of crime and its implications for society.

Question 3

identify the difficulties attached to defining crime

Answer 3

Changing social norms, cultural variations, Disagreement Among Experts

Question 4

crime

Answer 4

Crime refers to specific acts or behaviors that are prohibited by law and punishable through legal sanctions.

Question 5

criminality

Answer 5

It encompasses the traits, attitudes, and behaviors associated with individuals who commit crimes.

Question 6

atavistic reversions

Answer 6

Cesare Lombroso
“born criminals” due to their biological predispositions

Question 7

positivist school

Answer 7

free will, rational choice, and the importance of deterrence in preventing crime.
Biological Determinism, Social Determinism, Treatment and Rehabilitation, Scientific Method

Question 8

criminogenic

Answer 8

refers to factors, conditions, or environments that are conducive to or promote criminal behavior. Family Dysfunction and Parental Influence

Question 9

differential association

Answer 9

Developed by Edwin Sutherland individuals learn criminal behavior through social interactions.
importance of social processes in shaping criminal conduct.

Question 10

anomie-strain theory

Answer 10

Emile Durkheim and later developed by Robert Merton, crime is a result of the discrepancy between cultural goals and the legitimate means available to achieve them.

Question 11

rational choice theory

Answer 11

an approach that is compatible with the opportunity paradigm and calls for situational crime prevention)

Question 12

Naturalistic theories

Answer 12

seek explanations that are more specific and detailed than spiritualistic theories.

Question 13

hedonism.

Question 14

Pity

Answer 14

Pity

Question 15

Probity

Answer 15

refers to the respect for the property rights of others.