Ch.1

Question 1

What is Dualism

Answer 1

The study that believed the mind and body were two separate things

Question 2

Who is Rene Descartes

Answer 2

Philosopher who followed Dualism

Question 3

What is Materialism

Answer 3

Study that all mental phenomenon are reducible to physical phenomenon

Question 4

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 4

believed in materialism, substance and body were the same

Question 5

Realism

Answer 5

perceptions of the physical world are produced entirely by information from the sensory organs

Question 6

John Locke

Answer 6

Believed in Realism, as well as Empiricism

Question 7

Idealism

Answer 7

the belief that perceptions of the physical world are the brain’s interpretation of information form the sensory organs

Question 8

Immanuel Kant

Answer 8

believed in idealism

Question 9

Empiricism

Answer 9

view that all knowledge is acquired through experience as argued by John Locke

Question 10

Nativism

Answer 10

Immanuel Kant argued knowledge is innate rather than acquired

Question 11

Hermann von helmholtz

Answer 11

studied human reaction time to understand how the brain works

Question 12

Structuralism

Answer 12

approach to physiology that attempted to isolate and analyze the minds basic elements, describing the experience

Question 13

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 13

Structuralism

Question 14

Functionalism

Answer 14

approach to psychology that emphasizes the adaptive significance or the function of mental process purpose of mental processes, why do we have these experiences

Question 15

William James

Answer 15

Functionalism, believed psychological characteristics must have evolved similar to the way natural selection worked for physical characteristics

Question 16

psychoanalytic theory

Answer 16

that emphasizes the influence of unconscious feelings thoughts and behaviours

Question 17

Sigmund Freud

Answer 17

Used Psychoanalytic Theory, a therapy aiming to give people insight into the contents of their unconscious mind, unconscious mind stemmed from hysteria from painful memories not available to conscious mind

Question 18

Behaviorism

Answer 18

studying the behavior from stimulus and response

Question 19

John Broadus Watson

Answer 19

studied behavior rather than the thought process an approach to psychology that restricts scientific inquiry to observable behavior

Question 20

Principle of reinforcement

Answer 20

stating any behavior that is rewarded will be repeated and any that isn’t won’t be repeated

Question 21

Burrhus Frederick skinner

Answer 21

Principle of reinforcement, studied on lab rats

Question 22

Gestalt Psychology

Answer 22

emphasized that we often see the whole rather than the sum of its parts, humans are programmed to see patterns evidence for the existence of the mind

Question 23

Jean Piaget

Answer 23

studied perceptual and cognitive errors in children

Question 24

Kurt lewin

Answer 24

proposed new area of social psychology argued people relate to the world they see not to the world as it is

Question 25

Noam Chomsky

Answer 25

against behaviorism, pointed out children generate sentences they have never heard before, therefore could not be learning language by reinforcement

Question 26

Cognitive neuroscience

Answer 26

study of relationship between brain and the mind especially in humans different from previous approaches because it accepts the use of the scientific method, and acknowledges the existence of internal mental states

Question 27

Behavioral neuroscience

Answer 27

study of the relationship between the brain and behaviour expidly in non human animals

Question 28

Cultural psychology

Answer 28

study of how culture influences mental life, Abolisism culture makes little difference on psychology, relativism, psychological phenomenon are likely to vary across different cultures