Ch 9: Research designs

Question 1

What is a one-way design?

Answer 1

A one-way design is one that has only one independent variable

Question 2

What is a two-group design?

Answer 2

A two-group design is one that has only one independent variable, and the variable has only two levels. They usually have an experimental group and a control group (but not always).

^{Example: Our study two was a two-group design}

Question 3

What is a one-way, multiple-groups design?

Answer 3

A one-way, multiple-groups design is one that has a single independent variable which may have 3, 4, or more levels.

Question 4

What is a factorial design?

Answer 4

A factorial design is one that contains two or more independent variable that are completely crossed. Every level of every independent variable appears in combination with every level of every other independent variable.

^{<u>Example:</u> Our study 3 has a factorial design.}

Question 5

What is a within-subjects design?

Answer 5

A within-subjects design is when each participant serves in more than one (sometimes all) of the conditions of a study.

Question 6

What is a between design?

Answer 6

A between design is when each pericipant serves in one and only one condition of an experiment.

Question 7

What are some advantage of within-subjects designs?

Answer 7

1. Fewer participants
2. Less noise (individual differences or person-confounds are eliminated)
3. More powerful than between designs

Question 8

What are some disadvantages of within-subjects designs?

Answer 8

1. Sequence effects - getting tired, excited, or bored
2. Carryover effects - response to one stimulus in a study directly influencing their responses to a second stimulus (order effects or practice effects)
3. Demand characteristics

Question 9

What are order effects?

Answer 9

Order effects occur when the order of something could change the outcome

^{<u>Example:</u> Asking about frequency of dating before asking about general life satisfaction and vice versa}