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Intro to Sonography > Ch 9: Ethics and Professionals > Flashcards

Ch 9: Ethics and Professionals Flashcards

1
Q

Define ethics.

A

Systems of valued behaviors and beliefs that govern proper conduct to ensure protection of an individual’s rights.

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2
Q

Ethics was born out of necessity when humans first realized that…

A

they require certain behaviors to get along as a group.

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3
Q

Medical ethics mandate that…

A

physicians know what is in the best interest of their patients and, above all, that they do no harm.

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4
Q

Define autonomy.

A

The right to make our own decisions; to be independent and self-governing.

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5
Q

Social workers are considered to be autonomous with their patient/client categories, such as:

A
  • child-abuse victims

* dysfunctional families

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6
Q

The Ultrasound Practitioner is a health care professional who ______ in primary and speciality care settings.

A

autonomously performs and interprets ultrasound procedures

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7
Q

The Ultrasound Practitioner will provide services based upon…

A

clinical competency obtained by advanced education and clinical experience.

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8
Q

An Advanced Practice Sonographer (APS) is a new membership category designed to…

A
  • to create opportunities for advancement and recognition of the membership within the u/s community
  • to educate the medical community and healthcare consumers
  • to assist in the establishment of a career ladder for advancement within the profession of sonography
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9
Q

Criteria for APS eligibility

A
  1. ARDMS registered in each speciality area
  2. 5 yrs clinical experience in the speciality area since becoming registered.
  3. Bachelor’s degree or better in DMS
  4. Authorship of published article in a peer-reviewed journal
  5. 15 hours of CME credit every 3 yrs per speciality
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10
Q

Define values.

A

Concepts, goals, and ideals that provide a framework for one’s decisions and actions and give meaning to one’s life.

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11
Q

SGs are taught to deal justly with patients so that…

A

age, ethnicity, gender, language, and insurance status are left ouside the exam room door.

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12
Q

Define teleology.

A

The use of ultimate purpose or deign as a means of explaining phenomena. Telelogists believe that an act is right if it results ina good outcome.

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13
Q

Define deontology.

A

The study of duty, moral obligation, and right action. Deontologists believe that one’s duty is more important than bringing about good consequences; it si the motive or principle that determines right or wrong. One should do one’s duty regardless of the consequences.

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14
Q

Define ethical decision making.

A

Deals with concrete judgments in situations in which action must be taken despite uncertainty.

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15
Q

The switch from the term ‘medical care’, which focused on the physician, to ‘health care’, illustrates…

A

the concern for patients’ rights.

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16
Q

Medicine and society once shared a special bond of mutual interest and trust because…

A

the best interest of the patient was their guiding force.

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17
Q

Ethical decision making framework

A
  1. IDENTIFY the problem
  2. GATHER data and info
  3. THINK of options and solutions
  4. EVALUATE consequences for each solution
  5. DECIDE
  6. ACT
  7. REVIEW the results
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18
Q

Which specialty has produced the most various ethical questions and dilemmas?

A

Obstetrics. Serving 2 pts - woman and fetus -carries an obligation to both parties.

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19
Q

The Supreme Court has acknowledged a woman’s ____ and to be ____in matters of her own body.

A

right to privacy/the final arbitrator

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20
Q

The Supreme Court has placed ___ on a woman’s rights in relationship to that of an unborn child.

A

certain limits

21
Q

During the ___, states are virtually powerless to restrict or regulate abortion procedures.

A

first trimester

22
Q

During the ___, states may stipulate medical conditions under which the procedure can be performed.

A

second trimester

23
Q

During the ___, states may justify stringent regulations and prohibitions on abortion.

A

third trimester

24
Q

Selective termination are indicated when…

A
  1. only one twin shows signs of a serious chromosomal or congenital anomaly
  2. the # of embryos or fetuses presents a threat to a successful perinatal outcome
25
Q

A SG who has a moral objection to abortion and/or selective termination must…

A

respect the woman’s autonomy. It is outside the Scope of Practice to dissuade, encourage or punish your pt.

26
Q

A SG may ___ on a procedure that they find unacceptable.

A

ask to be relieved of his/her duty of working

27
Q

Pros of videotaping OB exams

A
  1. enhances fetal bonding
  2. educates pts and their family
  3. increases pt’s resolve to comply with w/ doctor’s orders
28
Q

Cons of videotaping OB exams

A
  1. extends scan time & pt exposure
  2. distracts SG’s concentration
  3. teeters on commercialization
29
Q

Your department should have a ___ clearly stating how to handle pt requests for fetal images.

A

policy and procedure

30
Q

If pt’s are to be provided fetal images, you should…

A
  • know your workplace’s written policy
  • set aside time outside of the diagnostic exams to create a pt’s images
  • assure that nothing was seen on the pt’s images that was not seen on the diagnostic images
  • have the doc review the images before releasing them to the pt (the doc can veto any image)
31
Q

The FDA closures and confiscating equipment of keepsake u/s targeted ___ but not ___ businesses.

A

sonographer-owned/physician-owned

32
Q

Pts’ rights have been strengthened by ___ that empasize the pt’s expectation of confidentiality.

A

HIPAA regulations

33
Q

To protect the pt’s confidentiality and to ensure that the SG is given a full and truthful history, you should…

A

obtain the pt’s history in private.

34
Q

SGs have an ethical obligation to perform…

A

a competent exam and provide phsicians and pts with accurate and reliable info.

35
Q

If you discover an error due to faulty equipment, technique or interpretation, you have a duty to…

A

bring it to the attention of the interpreting physician.

36
Q

Knowledge that a superior or coworker’s work has deteriorated due to chemical dependence legally obligates you to…

A

report it through the proper channels. Gather evidence and relevant info in a journal to support your position.

37
Q

Examples of behaviors observed in chemically impaired workers:

A
  • increased absenteeism
  • inability to meet schedules
  • tendency to back away from the new and challenging assignments
  • mood swings
  • illogical and sloppy work
  • excessive errors
  • unkempt appearance
  • inability to concentrate
  • poor/inaccurate recall
38
Q

A professional SG should ___ unethical behavior.

A

never ignore

39
Q

Define professionalism.

A

Being involved in and worthy of the high standards of a profession; based on integrity, honesty, and compassion.

40
Q

As formerly rigid professional-role behaviors have become more ___, the patient has elevated from a ‘case’ to a ___.

A

sensible and flexible/person

41
Q

Define dehumanization.

A

Depriving one of human qualities or attribute such as pity, kindness, and individuality.

42
Q

Define transference.

A

The act of shifting one’s feelings (negative or positive) about a person in the past to another person.

43
Q

In order to avoid pt transference, a SG should…

A

maintain a professional distance.

44
Q

To protect a pt’s modesty:

A
  • drape/cover all you can
  • provide privacy when the pt disrobes
  • use tact when putting pts in potential embarrassing positions
45
Q

Obligations to the SG profession:

A
  1. RECOGNIZE that SG is more than just a job
  2. PURSUE continuing education
  3. BE ACTIVE in professional organizations
  4. PURSUE EXCELLENCE
46
Q

Keys to developing professionalism: understand…

A
  1. what your job is
  2. that you can ask for guidance
  3. professional terms
  4. how to interact with pts
  5. the strengths and limitations of u/s
47
Q

The DO’s of being a good SG:

A
  • Thoroughly EXPLAIN the procedure and what is expected
  • Work with EXTREME CARE to avoid injuring the pt
  • QUESTION any abnormal instructions
  • MAINTAIN RECORDS in case you need to provide info later
  • USE COMMON SENSE and practice within the limits of your abilities.
48
Q

The DON’Ts of being a good SG:

A
  • Perform procedures you haven’t been taught.
  • Fail to meet standards of safe care for pts
  • Fail to prevent injury to other coworkers and visitors

Intro to Sonography (6 decks)

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