Ch. 9 - Causal-Comp. Res. Flashcards
Causal-comp. & correlational studies are similar in that both:
Infer cause.
When using a causal-comp. design, a researcher should NOT:
Seek possible effects for a given cause.
Causal-comp. and experimental research are similar in that:
Lack a manipulation of variables.
Causal-comp. research does not have a true independent variable because:
the comparison groups already differ before the study begins.
Of the following, which Q is best addressed by CC research?
What are the characteristics of fine motor skills in Kindergarten?
Are there gender diff’s in kindergarten fine motor skills?
Is there a relation between fine motor skills and academic skills in kindergarten?
What strategies do K and 1 grade teachers use to develop fine motor skills?
Are there gender diff. in K fine motor skill proficiency?
Gerry is interested in language disfluencies and birth order. Of the following, which best represents a CC topic?
What’re the typical social characteristics of first born children with language disfluencies?
Do first born children have more disfluencies that later born?
Is there a relation between # of children in the home and frequency of disfluencies?
Does birth order predict the type of identified language disfluencies in primary grade children?
Do first born children have more disfluencies that later born?
When Dr. W compares the test scores of a group of students who participated in extracurricular activities with the scores of students who did not, he is using:
Correlation design, experimental design, retrospective, prospective
Retrospective design
An analysis of covariance controls extraneous variables through:
Statistical adjustment of the dependent variable scores.
A researcher studies 3 groups of students who vary in level of self-confidence. He finds that students with higher self-confidence are more popular among their peers. The most plausible conclusion is that:
Self-confidence and popularity are related.
Pair-wise matching of participants in a CC study controls for problems arising due to:
Lack of randomization.
Controlling a CC study by comparing homogenous groups, while useful, is limited because:
The study is not generalizable to a larger population.
The researcher attempts to determine the cause, or reason, for existing differences in the behavior or status of groups or individuals.
Causal-comparative research
Starts with effect and investigates causes.
Retrospective or prospective?
Retro
Causal-comp. Research that starts with cause and investigates effects.
Retrospective or prospective?
Prospective
Characteristic of a subject or organism. Ex. Gender, age, race, etc.
Organismic variable
