Ch 9 Flashcards
freedman
a person freed from slavery
freedman’s beaureo
a government agency founded during Reconstruction to help former slaves
reconstruction
the rebuilding of the South after the Civil War
13th amendment
an 1865 amendment to the United States Constitution that banned slavery throughout the nation
amnesty
a government pardon
black codes
the southern laws that severely limited the rights of African Americans after the Civil War
15th amendmant
an 1869 amendment to the United States Constitution that forbids any state to deny African Americans the right to vote because of race
14th amendmant
an 1868 amendment to the United States Constitution that guarantees equal protection of the laws
reconstruction act
an 1867 law that threw out the southern state governments that refused to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment
impeach
to bring charges of serious wrongdoing against a public official
radical republicans
a member of Congress during Reconstruction who wanted to break the power of wealthy southern plantation owners and ensure that freedmen received the right to vote
ku klux klan
a secret society organized in the South after the Civil War to reassert white supremacy by means of violence
share cropper
a person who rents a plot of land from another person and farms it in exchange for a share of the crop
carpet bagger
an uncomplimentary nickname for a northerner who went to the South after the Civil War
scalawag
a white southerner who supported the Republicans during Reconstruction
compromise of 1877
an agreement by Republican presidential candidate Rutherford B. Hayes to end Reconstruction in return for congressional Democrats accepting his inauguration as President after the disputed election of 1876
literacy test
an examination to see if a person can read and write; used in the past to restrict voting rights
poll tax
a tax required before a person can vote
grandfather clause
in the post-Reconstruction South, a law that excused a voter from a literacy test if his grandfather had been eligible to vote on January 1, 1867
segregation
the legal separation of people based on racial, ethnic, or other differences
jim crow laws
laws that separated people of different races in public places in the South
Plessy v. Ferguson
an 1896 court case in which the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public facilities was legal as long as the facilities were equal
new south
a term used to describe the south in the late 1800s when efforts were being made to expand the economy by building up industry
