Ch 9-12 Flashcards
Rickets
Condition caused by vitamin D deficiency. Characterized by “bowed” legs; bone malformations and muscular weakness.
Vitamins
Organic compounds that are required in small amounts (micro-nutrients) for specific functions in the body.
Micronutrients
Nutrients/dietary constituents required in small amounts for good health. Includes vitamins and minerals.
Bioavailability
The degree to which nutrients can be absorbed and utilized by the body.
Solubility
The ability of a substance (solute) to dissolve in a solution (solvent)
Fat-soluble vitamins
Include vitamins A, D, E, and, K; soluble in fat, require the presence of bile and are stored in body tissue.
Water-soluble vitamins
Include B-vitamins, Vitamin C, and choline; disperse easily in water-based solutions.
Osteomalacia
The adult-form of Rickets; characterized by pain in the pelvis, lower back, and legs.
Retinol
Active form of Vitamin A. Found in animal and fortified foods; stored in the body and transported between tissues.
Retinal
Form of Vitamin A; critical for vision and is derived from the conversion of Retinol in the body.
Retenoic Acid
A form of Vitamin A derived from Retinal. Essential for growth and development.
Preformed
Vitamins already present in their active form.
Provitamin
The inactive form (or precursor) of a vitamin that requires conversion to active form to fulfill biological functions in the body.
Carotenoids
Pigments synthesized by plants, algae, and some bacteria and fungi; includes carotenes and xenothophylis.
Beta-Carotene
Pigment found in plants. Precursor to Vitamin A.
