Ch 9,10,12

Question 0

List 6 classes of nutrients

Answer 0

carbs, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water

Question 1

Define Diet

Answer 1

one’s usual pattern of food choices

Question 2

List nutrients that supply energy

Answer 2

Carbs and Lipids

Question 3

Define natural foods

Answer 3

minimally processed foods not containing additives for coloring or flavoring.

Question 4

Define Organic

Answer 4

food grown without the use of pesticides/ fertilizers (synthetic).

Question 5

Nutraceuticals

Answer 5

“Functional foods” Have scientifically established benefits that certain amounts of foods must be consumed regularly to achieve benefits

Question 6

probiotics

Answer 6

microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed (live bacteria- typically found in yogurt. (Activia)

Question 7

Digestion

Answer 7

process of breaking down large molecules that the intestinal tract can absorb.

Question 8

Define absorption

Answer 8

passage of nutrients thru walls of intestinal tract.

Question 9

Kidney function

Answer 9

filter excess water-soluble nutrients (dissolve in water, EG proteins, B vitamins, and vit. C) from blood so they are eliminated in urine. Fat-soluble nutrients are hard for kidneys to get rid of.

Question 10

Define metabolism and purpose

Answer 10

chemical reactions that take place in the body. Power muscular movements, synthesize & repair tissues, release and use energy, and produce enzymes and hormones.

Question 11

What kind of nutrients does our metabolism do?

Answer 11

Cells stored in fat, carbs, a small amount of protein, and oxygen to power cells and maintain body temperature

Question 12

calories

Answer 12

unit of energy; amount in foods expressed as number of kilcalories

Question 13

What nutrients can the body not extract energy from?

Answer 13

water, vitamins, and minerals

Question 14

Carbs

Answer 14

class of nutrients including sugars and starches.

Question 15

Define simple sugars

Answer 15

Monosaccharides and Disaccharides: fruit=glucose/fructose, table sugar=sucrose, milk sugar=lactose. Fruits, veggies, milk, honey, natural sources of simple sugars.

Question 16

Define starches

Answer 16

complex carbs-> grains, beans, veggies (potatoes).

Question 17

Dietary Fiber and examples

Answer 17

simple fiber; indigestible substances produced by plants. Brown Rice, wheat bran, wholewheat products.

Question 18

Soluble fiber

Answer 18

apples, bananas, citrus, fruits, carrots, kidney beans, and oats.

Question 19

insoluble fibers

Answer 19

wheat products

Question 20

How are carbs broken down?

Answer 20

Starches release glucose. Table sugar (sucrose) releases glucose and fructose. Glucose= “blood sugar” most important monosaccharide in the body.