Ch. 8 Test

Question 1

Cell Theory

Answer 1

all things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and new cells are produced from existing cells

Question 2

prokaryotes

Answer 2

small, no nucleus, no organells, less complex, single celled, ancient life form

Question 3

eukaryotes

Answer 3

has a nucleus, larger, more complex, all multicellular are eukaryotes can be singled

Question 4

cell membrane

Answer 4

what enters and leaves, protects, lipid bilayer, has two layers

Question 5

nucleus

Answer 5

contains genetic material

Question 6

cytoplasm

Answer 6

gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell

Question 7

Rough Er

Answer 7

helps w protein manufacturing

Question 8

smooth er

Answer 8

builds membranes, breakdown toxins creates lipids

Question 9

golgi aparatus

Answer 9

packages proteins for transport or use within cell

Question 10

vesicles

Answer 10

transport of substances in/out of cell

Question 11

lysosome

Answer 11

breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, digests particles inside cell

Question 12

vacuoles

Answer 12

storage

Question 13

mitochondria

Answer 13

powerhouse

Question 14

chloroplasts

Answer 14

capture energy from sunlight and convert into energy

Question 15

centrioles

Answer 15

part of cytoskeleton, only in animals cells helps w cell division

Question 16

cytoskeleton

Answer 16

maintains shape of cell and allows for movement

Question 17

Plant Cells 3 Cs

Answer 17

Cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuole

Question 18

Cell Membranes

Answer 18

lipid bilayer, fluid moves, self repairs, semi permeable

Question 19

passive transport

Answer 19

no energy is required, the movement of molecules from high-low, continues to move until equilibrium

Question 20

simple diffusion

Answer 20

movement directly through phospholipid bilayer, non polar, small, neutral

Question 21

osmosis

Answer 21

movement of water through an aquaporin high-low concentration, no energy

Question 22

protein channels

Answer 22

movement of other molecules, large, polar, ions

Question 23

hypertonic

Answer 23

high solute concentration outside of cell, osmosis out, cell will shrivel

Question 24

isotonic

Answer 24

equal solute, osmosis in and out of cell, same

Question 25

hypotonic

Answer 25

low solute, osmosis in, cell will swell

Question 26

active transport

Answer 26

going against the concentration gradient, low to high