Ch. 8 Terms Flashcards
Anastomosis
Joining of two or more blood vessels.
Antiography
Radiographic visualization of blood vessels following introduction of contrast material.
Angioplasty
Procedure to open narrow or blocked vessels.
Annuloplasty
Surgical reconstruction of the ring (annulus) of the heart valve.
Antegrade
Moving forward or with the usual direction of flow.
Arrhythmia
Disorder of the heart rate or rhythm.
Arteriosclerosis
Hardening of the arteries.
Atherectomy
Procedure to remove plaque from arterires.
Atherosclerosis
Buildup of plaque on artery walls.
Atria
Upper chambers of the heart.
Atrioventricular (AV)
Relating to both the atria and the ventricles of the heart.
Bifurcation
Division into two branches.
Bundle of His (AV bundle)
Muscle fibers in the heart’s conduction system that branch off to the right and left sides of the heart.
Capillaries
Smallest branches of the coronary arteries and veins.
Cardioversion
The use of defibrillator paddles to restore normal rhythm of the heart by electrical shock.
Chordae Tendineae
String-like tendons linking the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve in the right ventricle and the mitral valve in the left ventricle.
Conduction System
Generates and distributes electrical impulses over the hear to stimulate contraction, allowing blood to move throughout the body.
Contralateral
Situated on, pertaining to, o affecting the opposite side (as opposed to ipsilateral).
Coronary Circulation
The movement of blood through the tissues of the heart.
Endocarditis
Inflammation or infection of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium).
Epicardial
Relating to the innermost layer of the heart wall.
Implantable Defibrillator
Implantable device that delivers an electrical shock to restore a normal heart rhythm.
Infarction
Death of tissue.
Intracoronary
Within the heart.
Ipsilateral
Situated on, pertaining to, or affecting the same side (as opposed to contralateral).
Myocardial
Relating to the myocardium (second layer of the wall of the heart).
Nonselective Catheterization
A catheter is placed in the main trunk; contrast may be injected, and images may be taken, but the catheter is not moved into any other branches.
Non-tunneled Catheter
A catheter that is inserted through the skin directly into a central vessel.
Occlusion
Closure.
Papillary Muscles
Muscles attached to the lower portion of the interior wall of the ventricles and connected to the chordae tendineae.
Prolapse
An organ or part of an organ falling out of place.
Pulmonary Circulation
The movement of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again.
Prukinje Fibers
Conduction myofibers branching off the right and left bundle branches into the cells of the myocardium.
Regurgitation
Flowing backwards.
Retrograde
Moving backward or against the usual direction of flow.
Revascularization
Reestablishment of blood supply to a part.
Selective Catheterization
A catheter is placed into the branches further off the main trunk (first, second, third, or higher order).
Sinoatrial Node
Modified cardiac cells positioned on the wall of the right atrium, near the entrance of the superior vena cava.
Stenosis
Narrowing, stricture.
Subendocardial
Under or below the inner layer of the heart.
Syncope
Transient loss of consciousness (fainting).
Systemic Circulation
Supplies nourishment to tissue located throughout the body, except for the heart and lungs.
Thrombolysis
Destruction of a blood clot.
Transluminal
Through or across the lumen (tube) of an artery.
Transvenous
Through or across a vein.
Trifurcation
Division into three branches or parts.
Tunneled Catheter
A catheter that is tunneled through the skin and subcutaneous tissue to a central vessel; the entrance point of the catheter is distant from the entrance to the vascular system.
Valvular Prolapse
Valve leaflets fall backward into the heart chamber.
Valvuloplasty
Surgical reconstruction of a valve.
Ventricle
Lower chamber of the heart.
