CH 8 Questions Flashcards
A 27-year old compulsive drug user injected a drug he thought was methamphetamine, but he has not developed any signs of methamphetamine action. He has been admitted to the emergency department and anti-muscarinic drug overdose is suspected. Probable signs of atropine overdose include which one of the following?
(A) Gastrointestinal smooth muscle cramping
(B) Increased heart rate
(C) Increased gastric secretion
(D) Pupillary constriction
(E) Urinary frequency
(B) Increased heart rate
Which of the following is the most dangerous effect of belladonna alkaloids in infants and toddlers?
(A) Dehydration
(B) Hallucinations
(C) Hypertension
(D) Hyperthermia
(E) Intraventricular heart block
(D) Hyperthermia
Which one of the following can be blocked by atropine?
(A) Decreased blood pressure caused by hexamethonium
(B) Increased blood pressure caused by nicotine
(C) Increased skeletal muscle strength caused by neostigmine
(D) Tachycardia caused by exercise
(E) Sweating caused by exercise
(E) Sweating caused by exercise
Two new synthetic drugs (X and Y) are to be
studied for their cardiovascular effects. The drugs are given to three anesthetized animals while the blood pressure is recorded. The
first animal has received no pretreatment (control), the second has received an effective dose of a long-acting ganglion blocker, and
the third has received an effective dose of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist. Drug X caused a 50 mm Hg rise in mean blood pressure in the control animal, no blood pressure change in the ganglion blocked animal, and a 75 mm mean blood pressure rise in the atropine-pretreated animal. Drug X is probably a drug similar to
(A) Acetylcholine
(B) Atropine
(C) Epinephrine
(D) Hexamethonium
(E) Nicotine
(E) Nicotine
The net changes in heart rate induced by drug Y in these experiments are shown in the following graph.
Drug Y is probably a drug similar to
(A) Acetylcholine
(B) Edrophonium
(C) Hexamethonium
(D) Nicotine
(E) Pralidoxime
(A) Acetylcholine
A 30-year-old man has been treated with several autonomic drugs for 4 weeks. He is now admitted to the emergency department showing signs of drug toxicity. Which of the
following signs would distinguish between an overdose of a ganglion blocker versus a muscarinic blocker?
(A) Cycloplegia
(B) Dry skin in a warm environment
(C) Miosis
(D) Postural hypotension
(E) Tachycardia
(D) Postural hypotension
Which of the following is an accepted therapeutic indication for the use of anti-muscarinic drugs?
(A) Atrial fibrillation
(B) Botulinum poisoning
(C) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
(D) Glaucoma
(E) Postoperative urinary retention
(C) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Which of the following is an expected effect of a therapeutic dose of an anti-muscarinic drug?
(A) Decreased cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) in cardiac muscle
(B) Decreased DAG (diacylglycerol) in salivary gland tissue
(C) Increased IP3 (inositol trisphosphate) in intestinal smooth muscle
(D) Increased potassium efflux from smooth muscle
(E) Increased sodium influx into the skeletal muscle end plate
(B) Decreased DAG (diacylglycerol) in salivary gland tissue
Which one of the following drugs causes vasodilation that can be blocked by atropine?
(A) Benztropine
(B) Bethanechol
(C) Botulinum toxin
(D) Cyclopentolate
(E) Edrophonium
(F) Neostigmine
(G) Pralidoxime
(B) Bethanechol
Which one of the following drugs has a very high affinity for the phosphorus atom in parathion and is often used to treat life-threatening insecticide toxicity?
(A) Atropine
(B) Benztropine
(C) Bethanechol
(D) Botulinum
(E) Cyclopentolate
(F) Neostigmine
(G) Pralidoxime
(G) Pralidoxime
