Ch. 8 Muscle List With Actions

Question 1

Frontalis

Answer 1

Elevates eyebrows, wrinkles forehead
Insertion - skin of eyebrow
Origin - Occipital bone

Question 2

Orbicularis Oculi

Answer 2

Closes eye for blinking
Insertion - Maxilla and Frontal bone
Origin - Maxilla and Frontal bone (encircles eye)

Question 3

Orbicularis Oris

Answer 3

Closes mouth, shapes lips
Insertion - Lips
Origin - Maxilla and Mandible

Question 4

Buccinator

Answer 4

Sucking, swallowing, keeps food near teeth while chewing.
Insertion - Orbicularis Oris at corner of mouth
Origin - Maxilla and Mandible

Question 5

Zygomaticus

Answer 5

Elevates corners of mouth for smiling
Insertion - angle of mouth and upper lip
Origin - zygomatic

Question 6

Masseter

Answer 6

Elevates Mandible for chewing
Insertion - Mandible
Origin - Zygomatic arch

Question 7

Temporalis

Answer 7

Elevates Mandible for chewing
Insertion - Mandible
Origin - Temporal region of skull

Question 8

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 8

Rotates and flexes neck
Insertion - Mastoid Process
Origin - Sternum and Clavicle

Question 9

Trapezius

Answer 9

Extends neck; elevates, depresses and adducts scapula
Insertion - scapula
Origin - Skull and upper vertebrae

Question 10

External Intercostal

Answer 10

Elevates rib cage during inspiration

Question 11

Internal Intercostal

Answer 11

Depresses rib cage during forced expiration

Question 12

Diaphragm

Answer 12

Respiration, expands thoracic cavity during inspiration

Question 13

External Oblique

Answer 13

Lateral flexion and rotation of trunk
Insertion - Midline of Abdomen
Origin - lower Thoracic cage

Question 14

Rectus Abdominis

Answer 14

Flexion and rotation of trunk
Insertion - lower rib cage
Origin - Pubis

Question 15

Serratus Anterior

Answer 15

Protracts Scapula for pushing

Question 16

Deltoid

Answer 16

Abducts the arm
Insertion - Humous
Origin - Clavicle and Scapula

Question 17

Pectoralis Major

Answer 17

Flexes and adducts the arm
Insertion - Humerus
Origin - sternum, Clavicle, and upper rib cartilages

Question 18

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 18

Extends and adducts the arm
Insertion - Humerus
Origin - Vertebrae and Ilium

Question 19

Biceps Brachii

Answer 19

Flexes Forearm
Insertion - Radium
Origin - Scapula

Question 20

Triceps Brachii

Answer 20

Extends Forearm
Insertion - Ulna
Origin - Scapula and Humerus

Question 21

Flexor Carpi (group)
Flexor Digitorum (group)

Answer 21

Flexes Hand and wrist
Flexes fingers

Question 22

Extensor Carpi
Extensor Digitorum

Answer 22

Extends the hand and wrist
Extends the fingers

Question 23

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 23

Extends thigh
Insertion - Femur
Origin - Ilium, Sacrum, Coccyx

Question 24

Gracilis

Answer 24

Adducts thigh
Insertion - Tibia
Origin - pubis

Question 25

Adductor Longus

Answer 25

Adducts thigh
Insertion - Femur
Origin - Pubis

Question 26

Pectineus

Answer 26

Adducts thigh
Insertion - Femur
Origin - Pubis

Question 27

Rectus Femoris

Answer 27

Extends leg, flexes thigh
Insertion - Tibia
Origin - Ilium

Question 28

Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis

Answer 28

Extends leg
Insertion - Tibia
Origin - Femur

Question 29

Biceps Femoris

Answer 29

Extends thigh, Flexes leg
Insertion - Fibula
Origin - Ischium and Femur

Question 30

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

Answer 30

Extends thigh, flexes leg
Insertion - Tibia
Origin - Ischium

Question 31

Gastrocnemius

Answer 31

Plantar flexes foot
Insertion - Calcaneus
Origin - Femur

Question 32

Tibialis Anterior

Answer 32

Dorsiflexes foot
Insertion - Metatarsals
Origin - Tibia

Question 33

Inversion
Eversion

Answer 33

Inversion : Ankle out, sole of foot in
Eversion : Ankle in, sole of foot out

Question 34

Dorsiflexion
Plantar flexion

Answer 34

Dorsiflexion: Flex foot up
Plantar Flexion: Flex foot down (point toe)

Question 35

Supination
Pronation

Answer 35

Supination: palms up
Pronation: palms down

Question 36

Rotation
Circumduction

Answer 36

Rotation: rotate left or right
Circumduction: move arm or leg in circle making cone

Question 37

Abduction
Adduction

Answer 37

Abduction: moving a part away from the midline of the body (abducting)
Adduction: moving a part toward the midline of the body (adding)

Question 38

Flexion
Extension

Answer 38

Flexion: Decreasing an angle
Extension: Increasing an angle

Question 39

Three kinds of Joints

Answer 39

Synarthroses - no movement (sutures)
Amphiarthroses - slight movement (carpals)
Diarthroses - free movement (elbow)

Question 40

Types of Diarthrotic joints (6)

Answer 40

Hinge Joint (elbow)
Saddle Joint (carpometacarpal joint of thumb)
Ball-and-socket (shoulder or hip joint)
Pivot Joint (Dens of axis against atlas)
Condyloid Joint (atlantooccipital joint)
Gliding Joint (articular processes between vertebrae)

Question 41

Endochondral Ossification

Answer 41

The process of bone material forming in cartilage

Question 42

Parts of long bone

Answer 42

Epiphyses - end of bone
Diaphyses - shaft of bone
Epiphyseal plate (line) - growth plates on each end between epiphyses and diaphyses

Question 43

Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts

Answer 43

Osteoblasts - cells that build up the bone, when walled in they become Osteocytes but will reactivate when needed.
Osteoclasts - cells that break down the bone