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Intro to Psychology, Entrance Exam UvA > Ch. 8 Consciousness > Flashcards

Ch. 8 Consciousness Flashcards

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1
Q

Cartesian Theatre

A

Rene Descartes. Mental screen or stage, objects appear on for viewing by the minds eye

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2
Q

Hard Problem of Consciouness

A

The difficulty of explaining how subjective experience could ever arise

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3
Q

Phenomenology

A

How things actually seem in the state of consciousness in term of quality of experience

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4
Q

Homunculus Problem

A

Difficulty of explaining the experience of consciousness by advocating another internal self

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5
Q

Problem of other minds

A

The fundamental difficulty we have in perceiving the consciousness of other

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6
Q

Qualia

A

Subjective experiences as part of our mental life

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7
Q

Materialism

A

Philosophical position that mental states are a product of physical process alone

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8
Q

Anthropologie orphism

A

the tendency to attribute humans qualities to nonhuman things

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9
Q

Mind-Body Provlem

A

the issue of how the mind is related to the brain and body

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10
Q

Choice Blindness

A

When people are unaware of their decision-making processes and justify a choice as uf it were already decided

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11
Q

Change Blindness

A

When people are unaware of significant event changes that happen in full view

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12
Q

Dichotic listening

A

a task in which people wearing headphones hear different messages presented to each ear

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13
Q

cocktail party phenomenon

A

people tune in to one message even while filtering out others nearby

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14
Q

Minimal Consciousness

A

a low level of awareness that occurs when the mind input sensations and may output behaviour

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15
Q

Full consciouness

A

Consciouness in which you known and are able to report your mental state

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16
Q

self-consciousness

A

a distinct level of consciousness in which the persons attention is drawn to the self as an object

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17
Q

Daydreaming

A

a state of consciousness in which a seemingly purposeless flow of thoughts comes to minds

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18
Q

Mental Control

A

the attempt to change conscious states of mind

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19
Q

thought suppression

A

THE CONSCIOUS AVOIDANCE OF A THOUGHT

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20
Q

rebound effect of thought suppression

A

the tendency of a thought to return to consciousness with greater frequency following suppression

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21
Q

ironic processes of mental control

A

mental processes that can produce ironic errors because monitoring for errors can itself produce them

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22
Q

dynamic unconscious

A

an active system encompassing a lifetime of hidden memories, the persons deepest instincts and desires, and the persons inner struggle to control these forces

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23
Q

repression

A

a mental process that removes unacceptable thoughts and memories from consciousness and keeps them in the unconscious

24
Q

cognitive unconscious

A

the mental process that are not experienced by the person but give rise to the persons thoughts, choices, emotions and behavior

25
Q

subliminal perception

A

a thought or behaviour that is influenced by stimuli that a person cannot consciously report perceiving

26
Q

selective attention

A

the process whereby we focus mental processing on a limited range of events

27
Q

information bottleneck

A

when the channel of information processing has a limited capacity

28
Q

early filter model

A

selective attention model that proposes that information is discarded early in the stream of processing

29
Q

attenuation model

A

selective attention model that proposes that information is not entirely discarded in the stream of processing but is suppressed relative to other important signals

30
Q

response selection model

A

selective attention model that proposes that selection occurs late in the stream of processing before a response has been made

31
Q

load model

A

attentional model that explains early and late selection as a consequence of the task difficulty

32
Q

unilateral visual neglect

A

a condition where patients fail to notice or attend to stimuli that appear on the side of space opposite the site of a hemispheric lesion

33
Q

balint’s Syndrome

A

an attentional disorder where the patient loses the ability to volintairily shift visual attention to new locations, which is associated with damage to both sides of the brain

34
Q

blindsight

A

residual visual capability supported by subcortical mechanisms, following removal or damage to cortical visual areas

35
Q

altered states of consciousness

A

forms of experience that depart from the normal subjective experience of the world and the mind

36
Q

circadian rhythm

A

a naturally occurring 24-hour cycle

37
Q

REM sleep

A

a stage of sleep characterised by rapid eye movements and a high level of brain activity. sometimes known as paradoxical sleep

38
Q

electrooculograph (EOG)

A

measures eye movements

39
Q

thermoregulation

A

biological processes that maintain optimal body heat during different states of wakefulness

40
Q

Immune system

A

biological defence system for combating potential disease from both internal and external invaders

41
Q

Metabolism

A

bio processes convert stored resources into energy

42
Q

insomina

A

difficulty falling or staying asleep

43
Q

sleep apnea

A

a disorder in which the person stops breathing for brief periods while asleep

44
Q

somnambulism (sleep walking)

A

arises and walks around while asleep and unaware

45
Q

manifest content

A

a dream’s apparent topic or superficial meaning

46
Q

latent content

A

A dream’s true underlying meaning

47
Q

vegetative state

A

a state of wakefulness without awareness and overt communication

48
Q

psychoactive drug

A

a chemical that influences consciousness or behaviour by altering the brains chemical message system

49
Q

harm reduction approach

A

a response to high-risk behaviours that focuses on reducing the harm such behaviours have on peoples lives

50
Q

hallucinogens

A

drugs that alter sensation and perception and often cause visual and auditory hallucinations

51
Q

cannabis

A

drug derived from the hemp plant

52
Q

hypnosis

A

social interaction in which one person makes suggestion that lead to s change in another persons subjective experience of the world

53
Q

behavior compliance

A

doing what you are told or expected to do

54
Q

posthypnotic amnesia

A

the failure to retrieve memories following hypnotic suggestions to forget

55
Q

hyponotic analgesia

A

the reduction of pain through hypnosis in people who are susceptible to hypnosis

56
Q

mediation

A

the practice of intentional contemplation

Intro to Psychology, Entrance Exam UvA (2 decks)

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