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A&P 1 > Ch. 8 > Flashcards

Ch. 8 Flashcards

1
Q

206 bones

A

adult

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2
Q

axial skeleton

A

forms central supporting axis of body
ex. skull, vertebrae, sternum, ribs, sacrum, and hyoid

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3
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

pectoral girdle, upper appendages, pelvic girdle, lower appendages

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4
Q

condyle (articulation)

A

a rounded knob that articulates with another bone

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5
Q

facet (articulation)

A

a smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface

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6
Q

head (articulation)

A

the prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded like the head of a femur

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7
Q

crest

A

a narrow ridge (iliac crest of pelvis)

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8
Q

epicondyle

A

an expanded region superior to a condyle

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9
Q

line

A

a slightly raised, elongated ridge (nuchal lines of the skull)

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10
Q

process

A

any bony prominence (mastoid process of the skull)

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11
Q

protuberance

A

a bony outgrowth or protruding part (mental spines of the mandible)

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12
Q

spine

A

a sharp, slender, or narrow process (mental protuberance of the chin)

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13
Q

trochanter

A

two massive processes unique to the femur

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14
Q

tubercle

A

a small, rounded process (greater tubercle of the humerus)

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15
Q

tuberosity

A

a rough elevated surface (tibial tuberosity)

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16
Q

alveolus (depression)

A

a pit or socket (tooth socket)

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17
Q

fossa (depression)

A

a shallow, broad, or elongated basin (mandibular fossa)

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18
Q

fovea (depression)

A

a small pit (fovea capitis of the femur)

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19
Q

sulcus (depression)

A

a groove for a tendon, nerve, or blood vessel (intertubercular sulcus of the humerus)

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20
Q

canal

A

a tubular passage or tunnel in a bone (auditory canal of the skull)

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21
Q

fissure

A

a slit through a bone (orbital fissures behind the eye)

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22
Q

foramen

A

a hole through a bone, usually round (foramen magnum of the skull)

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23
Q

meatus

A

a canal (external acoustic meatus of the ear)

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24
Q

sinus

A

an air-filled space in a bone (frontal sinus of the forehead)

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25
Q

cranium

A

“braincase”, 8 bones fused by sutures

houses and protects the brain and associated sense organs

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26
Q

facial bones

A

anterior to the cranial cavity, shapes the face

14 bones

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27
Q

calvaria

A

skullcap, top portion of the cranium

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28
Q

cranial base

A

bottom portion of the cranium

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29
Q

fossa

A

a shallow, broad basin

3 cranial fossae fits the cerebellum and 2 cerebral lobes

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30
Q

parietal bones

A

two bones, form most of the cranial roof and part of its lateral walls

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31
Q

temporal lines

A

serve as attachment of the temporalis muscle

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32
Q

temporal bone

A

side of the skull near the ear

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33
Q

petrous part

A

part of the cranial floor, houses middle and inner ear cavities

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34
Q

internal acoustic meatus

A

opening for the vestibulocochlear nerve

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35
Q

jugular foramen

A

for jugular vein

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36
Q

carotid canal

A

for internal carotid artery

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37
Q

occipital bone

A

base of your skull by the neck

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38
Q

basilar part

A

thick median plate of occipital bone

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39
Q

foramen magnum

A

entrance for the spinal cord into cranium located in the occipital bone

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40
Q

occipital condyles

A

skull rest on vertebral column

41
Q

external occipital protuberance

A

attachment for nuchal ligaments (binds skull to vertebral column)

42
Q

superior and inferior nuchal lines

A

attach neck muscle

43
Q

supraorbital foramen

A

passage for supraorbital nerve and artery

44
Q

sella turcica

A

houses pituitary gland, part of the sphenoid bone

45
Q

optic foramen

A

opening for optic nerve, part of the sphenoid bone

46
Q

foramen rotundum

A

opening for the trigeminal nerve (maxillary branch), part of the sphenoid bone

47
Q

foramen ovale

A

opening for the trigeminal nerve (mandibular branch), part of the sphenoid bone

48
Q

foramen spinosum

A

opening for blood vessels, part of the sphenoid bone

49
Q

pterygoid processes

A

attachment for muscles of mastication, part of the sphenoid bone

50
Q

ethmoid

A

complex, delicate bone looks like honeycomb, lateral walls and roof of nasal cavity, and part of nasal septum

51
Q

labyrinth

A

masses lateral to perpendicular plate; superior and middle nasal concha; ethmoidal cells make up the ethmoid sinus

52
Q

crista galli

A

attachment of brain membranes

53
Q

cribriform plate

A

forms roof of nasal cavity

54
Q

cribriform foramina

A

opening for olfactory sensory nerves

55
Q

fontanelle

A

fibrous membrane between unfused cranial bones in infants

56
Q

facial bones

A

2 maxillae,2 nasal, 2 palatine, 2 zygomatic, 2 lacrimal, 2 inferior nasal conchae, 1 vomer, 1 mandible

57
Q

infraorbital foramen

A

passage for blood vessels and nerves, part of the maxilla

58
Q

intermaxillary suture

A

where two maxillae meet, part of the maxilla

59
Q

palatine processes of maxilla

A

articulate with the palatine bones

60
Q

lacrimal bone

A

medial wall of orbit, where tear duct would be

61
Q

lacrimal fossa

A

depression for sac that collects tears from eyes (drains into nasal cavity)

62
Q

perpendicular plate of palantine bone

A

extends to form part of the orbit

63
Q

horizontal plate

A

forms hard palate with maxilla

64
Q

cleft palate

A

2 maxillae dont meet

65
Q

mandible

A

strongest bone of skull, only movable skull joint, consists of body, angle, ramus

66
Q

mental protuberance

A

chin

67
Q

alveolar process

A

holds teeth

68
Q

coronoid process

A

chewing muscle attachment

69
Q

nasal bones

A

bridge of the nose, supports nasal cartilages

70
Q

inferior nasal concha

A

separate bone

71
Q

vomer

A

forms inferior part of bony nasal septum, connects to the ethmoid perpendicular plate

72
Q

cribriform plate of ethmoid

A

forms roof of nasal cavity

73
Q

cribriform foramina

A

passageway for olfactory

74
Q

paranasal sinuses

A

chambers within bones; air-filled and lined by mucous membrane

75
Q

hyoid bone

A

slender U- shaped bone between the chin and larynx

76
Q

Vertebral column

A

supports the skull and trunk, allows for their moment

77
Q

vertabral canal

A

“tunnel” formed by vertebral foramina of all vertebrae, spinal cord runs through it

78
Q

5 vertebral groups

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

79
Q

How many cervical?

A

7

80
Q

How many thoracic?

A

12

81
Q

How many lumbar?

A

5

82
Q

axis vertebra

A

rotate your head

83
Q

intervertebral disc

A

pad between bodies of vertebrae, absorb shock, supports body weight

84
Q

herniated disc/ruptured/slipped disc

A

annulus (outer ring of touch fibrocartilage can crack under heavy stress

85
Q

scoliosis

A

abnormal lateral curvature

86
Q

hyperkyphosis

A

exaggerated thoracic curvature

87
Q

hyperlordosis

A

exaggerated lumbar curvature

88
Q

true rib

A

attached to sternum by individual costal cartilage

89
Q

false rib

A

attached to sternum by shared costal cartilage

90
Q

floating rib

A

not attached to sternum at all

91
Q

brachium

A

extends from shoulder to elbow, only humerus

92
Q

antebrachium

A

extends from elbow to wrist, forearm which is radius and ulna

93
Q

carpus

A

wrist, 8 carpals

94
Q

manus

A

hand, 5 metacarpals, 14 phalanges

95
Q

femoral region

A

thigh, extends from hip to knee, femur and patella

96
Q

crural region

A

leg, tibia, fibula

97
Q

tarsal region

A

ankle

98
Q

pedal region

A

7 tarsal bones, 5 metatarsals, 14 phalanges

A&P 1 (1 decks)

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