Ch 7 using chemistry Flashcards
Reactants
Substances participating in a chemical reaction that are consumed in a reaction to create the products
Reactants= products
Law of conservation of mass
Mass is neither created or destroyed in a chemical reaction
Mass of products = mass of reactants
Product
The end results
Combination reaction
A + B = C Metal + nonmetal = binary compound Non/metal + oxygen = oxide compound Metal oxide + water = base Non-metal oxide + water = acid
Single replacement reaction
A+ BC= B + AC
An element will replace another element if it is more reactive
Metal+ compound= metal compound
Non-metal + compound= non metal compound
Active metal + water= hydrogen gas + compound
Combustion reaction
An ectothermic reaction that let’s off heat
Hydrocarbon + O2 = CO2+ H2O
Decomposition reaction
AB= A+B 2H2O= 2H2 + O2
Synthesis reaction
2H2+ O2 = 2H2O
Opposite of decomposition
Double replacement reaction
AB+CD=AC+BD
Precipitation
Neutralisation
Precipitation reaction
Solution + solution = solution + solid
Use precipitation table
Neutralisation reaction
Acid + base= salt + water
Acid + metal = salt + H gas
Acid+ metal oxide = metal salt +H2O
Acid + metal hydroxide= salt + H2O
Acid + metal carbonate= salt+ H2O+ CO2
Reaction rate
How fast or slow a reaction occurs
Precipitate
Insoluble compound formed in a precipitate reaction
Catalyst
Substance that increases the rate of reaction but is not used up in the reaction
Factors that affect reaction rates
Surface area Concentration Temperature Mixing Catalyst
Surface area
If there are small grains with a larger surface area, then the reaction will be faster
Concentration
The more dilute the solution, the slower the reaction rate
Temperature
If reactants have a higher temperature, they will react quicker
Mixing
Reactants that are mixed by stirring will react faster than reactants that aren’t mixed
