Ch. 7 Preventing Perioperative Disease Transmission Flashcards by Unknown Unknown

Cidex™ is the trade name for which of the following methods of sterilization?

a.
glutaraldehyde

b.
ethylene oxide

c.
peracetic acid

d.
hydrogen peroxide gas plasma

a.
glutaraldehyde

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Which of the following diseases is NOT a form of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy?

a.
mad cow

b.
toxic shock

c.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob

d.
scrapi

b.
toxic shock

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What is the common name for the high-level disinfectant sodium hypochlorite?

a.
ammonia

b.
vinegar

c.
peroxide

d.
bleach

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Which type of surgical instrument must NEVER be immersed in any type of mechanical decontaminating equipment?

a.
stainless steel

b.
titanium

c.
tungsten-carbide

d.
powered

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Which type of chemical solution is made of catalysts that aid in breaking down proteinaceous debris such as blood and fat?

a.
enzymatic

b.
disinfectant

c.
emulsifier

d.
antiseptic

a.
enzymatic

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All of the following are environmental specifications for the decontamination room in CSPD EXCEPT:

a.
humidity between 35% and 72%

b.
temperature between 64°F and 70°F

c.
air exchange rate, minimum of 10 per hour

d.
positive air pressure maintained

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Which of the following is the type of dating system that denotes the number of the calendar day in 1 through 365/366?

a.
alphanumeric

b.
Julian

c.
Cartesian

d.
military

b.
Julian

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What is the type of process the ultrasonic cleaner uses to dislodge minute particles of soil and organic debris?

a.
cavitation

b.
solubilization

c.
emulsification

d.
chelation

a.
cavitation

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What is the weight that AAMI has recommended instrument sets should NOT exceed?

a.
20 pounds

b.
25 pounds

c.
10 pounds

d.
15 pounds

b.
25 pounds

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Which term means the number of microbes or amount of organic debris on an object at any given time?

a.
bioburden

b.
infection

c.
asepsis

d.
sepsis

a.
bioburden

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What would be the exposure phase time for an unwrapped instrument set with some lumens in a prevacuum/dynamic air removal steam autoclave?

a.
10 minutes

b.
3 minutes

c.
30 minutes

d.
4 minutes

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The relative humidity in an ethylene oxide sterilizer should be below 30% to aid in the penetration of the gas through bacterial spores’ protective coating.

True
False

False

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Where should the biological test pack be placed on the steam sterilization cart for the first run of the day?

a.
bottom rack, front of sterilizer, over the drain

b.
top rack, back of sterilizer, under the injection valve

c.
top rack, front of sterilizer, over the drain

d.
bottom rack, back of sterilizer, under the injection valve

a.
bottom rack, front of sterilizer, over the drain

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Which of the following would be appropriate for soaking instruments covered with bioburden during a surgical procedure?

a.
peracetic acid

b.
isopropyl alcohol

c.
sterile water

d.
sterile saline

c.
sterile water

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What term refers to a barrier, such as plastic-backed table cover, that does NOT allow for passage of liquid through it?

a.
integral

b.
insoluble

c.
impervious

d.
imperceptible

c.
impervious

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What is the advantage of using ethylene oxide gas sterilization?

a.
It is the least expensive method.

b.
It is safe for heat- and moisture-sensitive items.

c.
It is the safest method of sterilization.

d.
It has the shortest total cycle time.

b.
It is safe for heat- and moisture-sensitive items.

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Why are instruments placed in perforated or mesh-bottom trays for sterilization?

a.
reduce tray weight

b.
easy removal of instruments

c.
penetration of sterilant

d.
easy grouping of instruments

c.
penetration of sterilant

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Which of the following should NEVER be processed by immediate-use (flash) sterilization methods?

a.
stainless steel suction tips

b.
titanium microinstrumentation

c.
implantable devices

d.
ebonized laser instruments

c.
implantable devices

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Sterilely attired surgical team members should pass one another in any of the following ways EXCEPT:

a.
front to back

b.
back to back

c.
front to front

d.
rotating 360° around

a.
front to back

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What is the term used to describe the process of removing all soiled linen, waste, and instruments from the room and cleaning of furniture, floors, or other contaminated surfaces in preparation for opening new supplies for a subsequent case?

a.
changeover

b.
turnover

c.
terminal cleaning

d.
concurrent cleaning

b.
turnover

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Which of the following cleaning methods for surgical instrumentation relies on bubbles imploding, creating a vacuum that dislodges minute particles in crevices of instruments?

a.
washer decontaminator

b.
ultrasonic cleaner

c.
manual soak

d.
washer sterilizer

b.
ultrasonic cleaner

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What is the term for the condition of a surgical technologist’s skin after performing a surgical scrub?

a.
bacteriostatic

b.
nosocomial

c.
surgically clean

d.
terminally sterile

c.
surgically clean

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Which types of instruments must be cleaned with bristle-brushes on wires, pipe cleaners, or handheld pressure guns?

a.
self-retaining retractors

b.
tissue forceps

c.
microsurgical scissors

d.
suction tip lumens

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A nonsterile person should approach a sterile area face forward while maintaining a distance of:

a.
6 feet

b.
2 feet

c.
12 inches

d.
6 inches

c.
12 inches

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Internal chemical indicator/integrators should be placed in the center or most challenging portion of a tray for the sterilant to reach. True False

True

The recommended biological indicator (BI) for hydrogen peroxide gas plasma is: a. Staphylococcus aureus b. Bacillus atrophaeus c. Geobacillus stearothermophilus d. Bacillus subtili

b. Bacillus atrophaeus

Which of the following would be appropriate for use on animate surfaces? a. sterilant b. antiseptic c. decontaminant d. disinfectant

b. antiseptic

How should air hoses of powered instruments or fiber-optic light cords be placed in rigid container trays for sterilization? a. coiled tightly in sealed peel-pack inside tray b. bound tightly with rubber bands c. bound loosely with electrical tape d. coiled loosely in perforated or mesh basket

d. coiled loosely in perforated or mesh basket

Which of the following is NOT a classification of patient care items? a. critical b. hypercritical c. semicritical d. noncritical

b. hypercritical

Which of the following is an acceptable position for placement of a scrubbed, gowned, and gloved surgical technologist's hands? a. clasped together in front at waist level b. hanging down at sides with hands below table level c. grasping edge of draped back table with fingers coiled under table edge d. tucked into axillary region (armpits)

a. clasped together in front at waist level

Which of the following concepts has replaced the previous system of assessing storage conditions and package integrity based on an arbitrary expiration designation? a. event related b. double wrapping c. Julian dating d. time related

a. event related

During manual cleaning of surgical instruments, what type of solution should be used? a. cold sterile water and enzymatic solution with low pH b. cold water, detergent, and enzymatic cleaner with high pH c. lukewarm water, detergent, and enzymatic cleaner with neutral pH d. hot water, detergent, and enzymatic cleaner with high p

c. lukewarm water, detergent, and enzymatic cleaner with neutral pH

Why are items disinfected or sterilized in activated glutaraldehyde dried prior to submersion? a. Moisture will eventually dilute the concentration to ineffective levels. b. Moisture will create a toxic chemical reaction with sterilant. c. Moisture will cause air bubbles to form and prevent full contact. d. Moisture will prevent sterilant from reaching all surfaces.

a. Moisture will eventually dilute the concentration to ineffective levels.

Which method of chemical sterilization has limitations based on the challenge of diffusion into narrow lumens? a. peracetic acid b. ethylene oxide gas c. hydrogen peroxide gas plasma d. glutaraldehyde

c. hydrogen peroxide gas plasma

When nested basin sets are being sterilized, how should they be placed in the steam sterilizer? a. facing upright with tape holding them together securely b. fold side down with a towel used to separate them c. facing upright with a towel used to separate them d. fold side down with tape holding them together securely

b. fold side down with a towel used to separate them

Personnel in CSPD who must move instruments from the ethylene oxide sterilizer to an aeration room should do which of the following with the cart to reduce their exposure to vented gases? a. pull it b. push it c. cover it with plastic d. open a window

a. pull it

Which of the following chemicals is a high-level disinfectant when items are immersed for 20 to 30 minutes and a sterilant if items remain immersed for 10 hours? a. glutaraldehyde b. quaternary ammonium compounds c. isopropyl alcohol d. sodium hypochlorite

a. glutaraldehyde

Which of the following statements regarding peracetic acid sterilized items is CORRECT? a. Paper filters in the top lid and bottom of container must be changed for each cycle. b. Aeration times will add hours to the total sterilization cycle time. c. Cassettes are not sealed, due to liquid immersion during the process, so they cannot be stored. d. Items must be wrapped with Tyvek wrappers instead of cellulose-based wrappers.

c. Cassettes are not sealed, due to liquid immersion during the process, so they cannot be stored.

The Bowie-Dick test is performed for which sterilization method? a. prevacuum air removal steam b. activated glutaraldehyde c. hydrogen peroxide gas plasma d. ethylene oxide gas

a. prevacuum air removal steam

What is a potential risk of placing surgical instruments of dissimilar metallic type together in a washer sterilizer cycle? a. electrolytic conduction reaction b. alarm triggered by washer sterilizer c. bioburden contamination d. static electrical spark

a. electrolytic conduction reaction

Contamination caused by passage of microorganisms through a sterilized package by way of moisture wicking is termed: a. saturation b. solubilization c. sequestration d. strike-through

d. strike-through

What is the term for inanimate objects that harbor microorganisms that contribute to environmental contamination? a. fomites b. flora c. vectors d. viruses

a. fomites

The physical or chemical process by which all living microorganisms, including spores, are killed is: a. sanitization b. decontamination c. sterilization d. disinfection

c. sterilization

What is the relationship of steam pressure to temperature in a steam sterilizer? a. Increased temperature increases pressure. b. Decreased temperature increases pressure. c. Increased pressure increases temperature. d. Decreased pressure increases temperature.

c. Increased pressure increases temperature.

Gravity displacement steam sterilizer cycles are much shorter than prevacuum cycles. True False

False

The biological indicator (BI) for the steam sterilization method is: a. DART b. Bowie-Dick c. Bacillus atrophaeus d. Geobacillus stearothermophilus

d. Geobacillus stearothermophilus

Which of the following is the MOST important factor in a surgical technologist's role in preventing surgical site infections? a. participation in the "time out" b. high GPA while a student c. extensive knowledge of anatomy d. strict surgical conscience

d. strict surgical conscience

Sterilization process monitors include mechanical, chemical, and biological methods to ensure all parameters were met. True False

True

Which type of wrapper material is compatible with the hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization method? a. paper b. Tyvek c. cloth d. muslin

b. Tyvek

Which of the following patient care items would be classified as noncritical? a. hypodermic needles b. laryngoscopes c. pulse oximeters d. colonoscopes

c. pulse oximeters

Before opening any sterilely packaged item, what is MOST important to verify about the package? a. date sterilized b. internal indicator/integrator c. integrity of package d. sterilization cycle number

c. integrity of package

Which type of packaging system has filters and removable locking devices? a. woven wrapped b. rigid containers c. nonwoven wrapped d. paper-plastic peel packs

b. rigid containers

Which kind of quality control device consists of a paper that has been impregnated with a dye that changes color in the presence of a specified temperature and sterilant? a. mechanical readout b. chemical indicator c. vial of spore population d. Cidex™ test strip

b. chemical indicator

Which part of the instrument reprocessing cycle is performed intraoperatively? a. mechanical decontamination b. ultrasonic washer c. wiping with sterile water d. steam sterilization

c. wiping with sterile water

In steam sterilization, thermal destruction of microbes is the result of the denaturation and coagulation of protein within the cells. True False

True

Which sterilization method is most commonly used, safest, least expensive, and appropriate for the majority of surgical instruments? a. saturated steam b. peracetic acid c. ionizing radiation d. ethylene oxide

a. saturated steam

When a sterilely attired surgical technologist drapes an unsterile table, he or she opens the drape: a. toward sides and pulls drape down well below edge b. toward him- or herself first c. away from him- or herself first d. by shaking out folds first and laying it across table

b. toward him- or herself first

When opening a wrapped item such as a gown on a Mayo stand, the contents and wrapper are considered sterile up to what distance from the edge of the wrapper? a. Only the item itself is sterile. b. 1 inch from the edge c. all the way to the edge d. 2 inches from the edge

b. 1 inch from the edge

What is the term for the process of lubricating stiffened stainless steel surgical instruments by immersion in a water-soluble solution? a. milking b. greasing c. bathing d. dunking

a. milking

Why are large steam sterilizers loaded with space between wrapped items or trays? a. It makes it easier to unload when the cycle is complete. b. It ensures that the carts are not over-weighted. c. It allows for air to remain inside the packages to facilitate steam penetration. d. It allows adequate circulation and penetration of steam to all surfaces.

d. It allows adequate circulation and penetration of steam to all surfaces

Which sterilization method presents the greatest exposure risk to CSPD personnel, is expensive, and requires the longest total cycle time? a. ethylene oxide b. peracetic acid c. saturated steam under pressure d. hydrogen peroxide gas plasma

a. ethylene oxide

What is the name of the outside area of an autoclave where steam is created before injection into the interior compartment? a. jacket b. gasket c. chamber d. aerator

a. jacket

How long should the steam biological indicator be incubated before the reading is recorded? a. 1 hour b. 12 hours c. 6 hours d. 24 hours

d. 24 hours

What is another name for the intermediate-level disinfectant compound phenol? a. peracetic acid b. carbolic acid c. muriatic acid d. amino acid

b. carbolic acid

Which method of sterilization uses gamma rays or beta particles and is chiefly used by large manufacturing companies? a. hydrogen peroxide gas plasma b. ethylene oxide c. ionizing radiation d. dry heat

c. ionizing radiation