Ch 7 - Lymph & Immune Pathology Terms

Question 1

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Answer 1

late-stage infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which progressively weakens the immune system

Question 2

anaphylaxis

Answer 2

life-threatening systemic allergic reaction to a substance to which the body was previously sensitized

Question 3

ankylosing spondylitis (AS)

Answer 3

inflammatory response that causes degenerative changes in the spinal vertebrae; sacroiliac joints; connective tissues such as tendons and ligaments in the hips, shoulders, knees, feet and ribs; and tissues of the lungs, eyes and heart valves

Question 4

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Answer 4

group of disorders caused when the immune system misidentifies red blood cells (RBCs) as foreign and creates autoantibodies that attack them

Question 5

chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)

Answer 5

complex chronic disorder marked by severe fatigue unrelieved by rest, often worsened by mental or physical activity; sometimes called chronic fatigue and immune dysfunction syndrome (CFIDS)

Question 6

chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC)

Answer 6

group of disorders in which peristent or recurrent Candida fungal infections develop on the skin, nails or mucous membranes

Question 7

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Answer 7

acute infection that causes sore throat, fever, fatigue, and enlarged lymph nodes; also called “mononucleosis” or “gammaherpesviral mononucleosis”

Question 8

graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

Answer 8

complication of bone-marrow transplantation in which lymphoid cells from donated tissue attack the recipient and cause damage to skin, liver, GI tract, and other tissues

Question 9

Hodgkin’s disease

Answer 9

type of lymphatic cancer; also called Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 10

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Answer 10

disorder in which a deficiency of platelets results in abnormal blood clotting, marked by tiny purple bruises (purpura) that form under skin

Question 11

lymphosarcoma

Answer 11

cancer of lymphatic tissue not related to Hodgkin’s disease

Question 12

non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 12

group of more than 30 types of malignancies of B and T lymphocytes; also called “lymphoma” or “malignant lymphoma”

Question 13

pernicious anemia

Answer 13

chronic form of megaloblastic anemia (producing many large, immature, dysfunctional RBCs), caused by a deficit in the absorption of vitamin B12 that reduces the body’s ability to produce sufficient numbers of healthy RBCs

Question 14

phagocytosis

Answer 14

process in which specialized white blood cells (phagocytes) engulf and destroy microorganisms, foreign antigens and cell debris

Question 15

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

Answer 15

a type of pneumonia associated with AIDS

Question 16

polymyositis (PM)

Answer 16

disorder that causes the slow onset of muscle weakness and pain in the muscles of the trunk and progresses to affect muscles of the neck, shoulders, back, hip and possibly hands and fingers