Ch. 7: Hazard Assessment and Risk Evaluation Flashcards
What is recognized as a critical benchmark in safe and successful emergency response operations?
The concept of hazard assessment and risk evaluation.
What is the most critical decision-making point in the successful management of a hazardous materials incident?
The evaluation of hazard information and the assessment of risks.
What refer to a danger or peril?
hazards
What refer to the probability of suffering harm or loss?
risks
What are the three distinct, but inter-related tasks of the hazard and risk evaluation process?
1) Hazard Assessment
2) Risk Evaluation
3) Development of the IAP
What must responders understand to mount a safe and effective hazmat response?
1) how the enemy will behave
2) how it can harm
3) how these properties are influenced by the environment where the incident is occuring
What provide information on the behavior of a material?
physical properties
What is known as the pressure exerted by the vapor within the container against the sides of the container?
vapor pressure
The weight of a solid or liquid material as compared with the weight of an equal volume of water.
specific gravity
The weight of a pure vapor or gas compared with the weight of an equal volume of dry air at the same temperature and pressure.
vapor density
The temperature at which a liquid changes its phase to a vapor or gas.
boiling point
The temperature at which a solid changes its phase to a liquid.
melting point
The ability of a substance to change from the solid to the vapor phase without passing through the liquid phase.
sublimation
The temperature above which a gas cannot be liquefied no matter how much pressure is applied.
critical temperature
The pressure that must be applied to liquefy a gas at its critical temperature.
critical pressure
The rapid release of a liquefied gas that causes it to rapidly cool, slow down the boiling process, and remain in a liquid state.
auto-refrigeration
The ease with which a liquid or solid can pass into the vapor state.
volatility
The rate at which a material will vaporize or change from liquid to vapor.
evaporation rate
The amount of gas produced by the evaporation of one volume of liquid at a given temperature.
expansion ratio
The ability of a solid, liquid, gas or vapor to dissolve in water or other specified medium.
solubility
The ability of materials to dissolve into a uniform mixture.
miscibility
Measurement of the thickness of a liquid and its ability to flow.
viscosity