Ch. 7

Question 1

a distinguishing characteristic of an organism

Answer 1

trait

Question 2

the passing of traits from generation to generation

Answer 2

inheritance

Question 3

a section of DNA on a chromosome that has genetic information for one trait

Answer 3

gene

Question 4

an organism’s complete set of genes

Answer 4

genotype

Question 5

how a trait appears or is expressed

Answer 5

phenotype

Question 6

a permanent change in the sequence of DNA, or the nucleotides, in a gene or a chromosome

Answer 6

mutation

Question 7

a slight difference in an inherited trait among individual members of a species

Answer 7

variation

Question 8

an inherited trait that increases an organism’s chance of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment

Answer 8

adaptation

Question 9

the process by which organisms with variations that help them survive in their environment live longer, compete better, and reproduce more than those that do not have the variation

Answer 9

natural selection

Question 10

the selection and breeding of organisms for desired traits

Answer 10

selective breeding

Question 11

an adaptation that enables a species to blend in with its environment

Answer 11

camouflage

Question 12

an adaptation in which one species looks like another species

Answer 12

mimicry