ch 6 the skeletal system l: bone tissue Flashcards

1
Q

cartilage

A

the embryonic forerunner of most bones and covers many joint surfaces

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2
Q

ligaments

A

connective tissue holds bone to bone at the joint

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3
Q

tendon

A

connective tissue attaches muscle to bone

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4
Q

osteology

A

the study of bone

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5
Q

appositional growth

A

growth in diameter and thickness, achieved by intramembranous ossification at the surface of the bone

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6
Q

osteopenia

A

loss of bone

when severe it develops into osteoporosis

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7
Q

stress fracture

A

caused by abnormal trauma

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8
Q

pathological fracture

A

occurs in bone weakened by a disease such as osteoporosis

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9
Q

closed

A

skin is not broken

simple fracture

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10
Q

open

A

skin is broken; bone protrudes through skin or wound extends to fractured bones

compound fracture

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11
Q

complete

A

bone is broken into two or more pieces

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12
Q

incomplete

A

a partial fracture that extends only partway across bone; pieces remain joined

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13
Q

nondisplaced

A

the portions of bone are still in the correct anatomical alignment

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14
Q

displaced

A

the portions of bone are put of anatomical alignment

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15
Q

comminuted

A

bone is broken into three or more pieces

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16
Q

greenstick

A

bone is bent toward one side and has incomplete fracture on the opposite side

17
Q

hairline

A

fine crack in which sections of bone remain aligned; common in skull

18
Q

impacted

A

one bone fragment is driven into the marrow cavity or spongy bone of the other

19
Q

depressed

A

broken portion of bone forms a concavity, as in skull fractures

20
Q

linear

A

fracture parallel to long axis of bone

21
Q

transverse

A

fracture perpendicular to long axis of the bone

22
Q

oblique

A

diagonal fracture; between linear and transverse

23
Q

spiral

A

frasu re spirals around axis of long bone as the result of a twisting stress such as a skiing accident

24
Q

flat bone

A

thin and often curved

25
long bone
rigid levers for movement
26
short bone
semirounded and glide within joints
27
irregular bone
complex shape
28
compact bone
solid bone consist of osteon
29
spongy bone
consist of spicules rods and spines of bone
30
trabeculae
thin plates of bones
31
osteoblasts
bone forming cells
32
osteocytes
mature bone cells
33
lacunae
cavities that house osteocytes
34
canaliculi
small canals that connect lacunae
35
osteoclasts
bone dissolving macrophages