Ch-6 Respiration In Organisms

Question 1

What is the smallest and functional unit of an organism

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

Name Functions of the cell. (4)

Answer 2

Nutrition
Transportation
Excretion
Reproduction

Question 3

To perform activities, what do cells need ?

Answer 3

Energy

Question 4

Where does oxidation of nutrients take place?

Answer 4

Cells

Question 5

What is respiration also called as ?

Answer 5

Cellular Respiration

Question 6

Respiration is a ———————— process.

Answer 6

Biochemical

Question 7

Types of Respiration

Answer 7

Aerobic and Anaerobic

Question 8

In aerobic respiration breakdown of what takes place ?

Answer 8

Glucose

Question 9

A large amount of—————— is released during aerobic respiration

Answer 9

Energy

Question 10

Organisms that use aerobic respiration are called

Answer 10

Aerobes

Question 11

Formula of aerobic respiration ?

Answer 11

C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ + 6O ₂ **————> **6 CO₂ + 6H ₂ O + Energy

Question 12

When glucose is broken down without oxygen, then the process is called _________

Answer 12

Anaerobic Respiration

Question 13

Organisms that perform Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 13

Anaerobes

Question 14

In Anaerobic Respiration glucose and oxygen are broken down into ?

Answer 14

Ethyl Alcohol and CO₂
OR
Lactic Acid

Question 15

How much energy is released during Anaerobic Respiration ?

Answer 15

Very Little

Question 16

Anaerobic Respiration Occurs in

Answer 16

Yeast, some bacteria and parasitic organisms such as Flatworms and Roundworms

Question 17

In yeast glucose breaks down into

Answer 17

Ethyl alcohol and Carbon Dioxide

Question 18

Yeast Respiration Formula

Answer 18

C ₆H₁₂O₆ —–> 2C ₂ H ₅ OH + 2CO₂ + e n e r g y

Question 19

Anaerobic Respiration occurs in _________________ of humans for a _______________ time, where it produces ___________

Answer 19

Skeletal Muscle, Short, Lactic Acid

Question 20

Anaerobic Respiration In Skeletal Muscles Equation

Answer 20

C 6 H 12 O 6 → 2 C 3 H 6 O 3 + e n e r g y

Question 21

Why does Anaerobic Respiration take place in humans?

Answer 21

During rigorous Exercise, our body needs more O ₂. However our body’s oxygen supply remains unchanged. Due to the temporary, deficiency of oxygen, Anaerobic Respiration takes place

Question 22

Accumulation of lactic acid leads to

Answer 22

Muscle Fatigue

Question 23

The process of anaerobic respiration is also called as

Answer 23

Fermentation

Question 24

Parasitic Animals that respire anaerobically __________________

Answer 24

Roundworm and Flatworm

Question 25

Yeast cells are used to make

Answer 25

Wine and Beer, and Rasing Dough

Question 26

In what industries are yeast cells used

Answer 26

Brewing Industry, and Baking Industry

Question 27

Accumulation of lactic acid in muscles causes

Answer 27

Muscle Cramps

Question 28

How to get relief from cramps

Answer 28

Trough a hot bath or massage with lukewarm oil

Question 29

Aerobes cannot live without what?

Answer 29

Oxygen

Question 30

In anaerobic respiration is glucose broken down completely

Answer 30

NO

Question 31

Two types of aerobic respiration

Answer 31

External and Internal Respiration

Question 32

External Respiration is also called as

Answer 32

Breathing

Question 33

Internal Respiration is also called as

Answer 33

Cellular Respiration

Question 34

External Respiration is ___________ a dash process

Answer 34

Mechanical

Question 35

External Respiration consists of

Answer 35

INHALING AND EXHALING

Question 36

What is Internal Respiration

Answer 36

Exchange of gases between blood and blood cells

Question 37

Breathing is a part of

Answer 37

Respiration

Question 38

Inhalation and Exhalation occur ___________ and ___________________

Answer 38

Continuously and alternatively

Question 39

No. of times a person breathes in minute is called as

Answer 39

Breathing Rate

Question 40

Breathing Rate is also called as

Answer 40

Respiratory Rate

Question 41

The no. of times the _______ rises is called the respiratory rate

Answer 41

Chest

Question 42

When breathing rate slows down to the extent that we don't get oxygen, then we feel

Answer 42

Sleepy / Drowsy

Question 43

Normal Breathing Rate of an adult

Answer 43

16-18 per minute

Question 44

Breathing Rate after Heavy Exercise

Answer 44

25 times per minute

Question 45

Breathing Rate may increase during

Answer 45

fever, illness or other medical conditions

Question 46

The Human Respiratory System Consists of

Answer 46

nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx, voice box (larynx), Windpipe (Trachea), Bronchi and Lungs

Question 47

Where are the lungs situated

Answer 47

Thoracic Cavity / Chest Cavity

Question 48

The walls of the Thoracic cavity are supported by the

Answer 48

Ribs

Question 49

The floor of the thoracic cavity consists of

Answer 49

Diaphragm

Question 50

What is Diaphragm

Answer 50

Dome shaped sleet of muscles

Question 51

Where are the vocal cords located

Answer 51

In the larynx

Question 52

Two pair of vocal cords are-

Answer 52

True vocal cords and False vocal cords

Question 53

Why do vocal cords vibrate slower in Males than in Females ? What does it result in ?

Answer 53

Thicker and Longer Vocal Cords are present in Men. This causes LOWER RANGE of pitch than women

Question 54

The long requires air which is

Answer 54

Moist, Warm and Clean

Question 55

The air that we breath in is Moistened by a substance. What is that substance? Where is it located?

Answer 55

It is moistened by the **SLIMY MUCUS** present in the **INNER LINING OF OUR NOSE**

Question 56

How Does The Air Become Warm

Answer 56

Air Becomes Warm By The Blood Vessels Present In Our Nose

Question 57

What things are present in our nose that trap dirt, dust particles and disease causing germs

Answer 57

Mucus, Hair Present Inside our nose

Question 58

The Windpipe, branches into two parts called as

Answer 58

Bronchi ( singular: bronchus )

Question 59

Bronchi lead to their respective

Answer 59

Lungs

Question 60

Inside the lungs the Bronchi further divide into

Answer 60

Bronchioles

Question 61

Where do the bronchioles end up

Answer 61

Air Sacks

Question 62

What are the Air Sacks also called as

Answer 62

Alveoli

Question 63

Air sacks are richly supplied with

Answer 63

Blood Vessels

Question 64

The Blood Vessels Present in Alveolus are called as

Answer 64

Alveolar Capillaries

Question 65

The oxygen present in the air we breathe in, enters the blood contained by

Answer 65

Alveolar Capillaries

Question 66

Exchange of gases takes place in

Answer 66

Alveoli

Question 67

How man ALVIOLI are present in the lungs

Answer 67

750 million

Question 68

Total Surface Area of these alveoli

Answer 68

100 meter ²

Question 69

If some foreign particles irritate our nasal cavity the we

Answer 69

COUGH or SNEEZE

Question 70

How is O₂ supplied to the affected person, in ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION ?

Answer 70

Through Ventilator

Question 71

Describe Lungs

Answer 71

Soft, Spongy and elastic organs

Question 72

Color of lungs

Answer 72

PINK

Question 73

Where are the lungs enclosed

Answer 73

pleural membranes

Question 74

Lungs have __________ in between them

Answer 74

pleural fluid

Question 75

The left lung is ______ than the right lung

Answer 75

smaller

Question 76

Why is the left lung smaller than the right lung ?

Answer 76

It has a **CARDIAC NOTCH** to allow space for the heart

Question 77

When does a baby take its first breath.

Answer 77

10 seconds after it's birth

Question 78

Write the formula of respiratory quotient

Answer 78

RQ= Vol. of CO₂ evolved/ Vol. of O₂ absorbed

Question 79

What are Respiratory Substrates ?

Answer 79

Substances which are oxidized during Respiration

Question 80

What pulls the organs upward during Inhalation

Answer 80

EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES

Question 81

Inhaled air oxygen amounts

Answer 81

21%

Question 82

Inhaled air Carbon Dioxide Amounts

Answer 82

0.04%

Question 83

Exhaled air Oxygen Amounts

Answer 83

16.4%

Question 84

Exhaled air Carbon Dioxide amounts

Answer 84

4.4%

Question 85

Bronchial Asthma causes

Answer 85

Allergen Reaction

Question 86

Symptoms of Bronchial Asthma

Answer 86

Coughing, Wheezing and Difficulty in breathing

Question 87

What happens in Bronchial Asthma ?

Answer 87

Excess amount of which may clog the respiratory tract

Question 88

What Happens in Bronchitis ?

Answer 88

Inflammation in Bronchi

Question 89

Causes of Bronchitis

Answer 89

Caused by **CIGARETTE SMOKING**, and an exposure to **AIR POLLUTANTS**

Question 90

Symptoms of Bronchitis

Answer 90

Coughing with **Thick Greenish Yellow Sputum**

Question 91

Prevention Of Bronchitis

Answer 91

Avoiding Smoke, chemicals and pollutants

Question 92

What is the formula of Carbon Monoxide

Answer 92

CO

Question 93

Does Oxygen or Carbon Monoxide combine more readily with hemoglobin ?

Answer 93

Carbon Monoxide

Question 94

When Carbon Monoxide and Hemoglobin **combine**, what is formed?

Answer 94

carboxy-hemoglobin

Question 95

What is the symptom of Presence of Carboxy Hemoglobin called

Answer 95

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Question 96

What does CO Poisoning cause

Answer 96

Headache, Nausea, Dizziness, Paralysis and even **DEATH**

Question 97

Due to CO Poisening low supply of what occurs

Answer 97

Oxygen ## Footnote Boy, Anirudh anna zindabad

Question 98

Organisms that perform Tracheal Respiration

Answer 98

cockroach, housefly, grasshopper

Question 99

What are the openings on the body of organisms that perform Tracheal Respiration called as ?

Answer 99

Spiracles

Question 100

These spiracles are connected to tubes called as

Answer 100

Tracheae

Question 101

Tracheae are further branched into smaller tubes called as :-

Answer 101

Tracheoles

Question 102

Tracheoles are in contact with ___________

Answer 102

Body's Cells

Question 103

________ rushes through spiracles into tracheae and tracheoles

Answer 103

Oxygen rich air

Question 104

Respiration through skin is called

Answer 104

Cutaneous Respiration

Question 105

The organisms that respire through Cutaneous Respiration.

Answer 105

Hydra and Earthworm

Question 106

In cutaneous respiration what happens ?

Answer 106

diffusion through moist outer surface

Question 107

How does the skin of Earthworm feel like

Answer 107

Moist and slimy to touch

Question 108

Where does diffusion through cell membrane take place ?

Answer 108

In Unicellular Organisms ( Amoeba and Paramecium )

Question 109

When a frog is inside water it respires through-

Answer 109

Respires completely through skin

Question 110

In fish __________ are the most prominent respiratory organs

Answer 110

Gills

Question 111

Gills are the projections of the __________ made up of a large number of __________ are richly supplied with ________________

Answer 111

SKIN, GILL FILAMENTS, BLOOD CAPILLARIES

Question 112

Define Buccopharyngeal Respiration

Answer 112

During this mode of respiration, the mouth and the glottis are tightly closed while nares are kept close

Question 113

When does Buccopharyngeal Respiration take place ?

Answer 113

It takes place in when the frog is partially submerged in water

Question 114

What is the other name of nostril

Answer 114

naris

Question 115

Each ____________ leads to a ___________ which opens up into the ___________ by an ______________ (FROG)

Answer 115

EXTERNAL NARIS, NASAL CHAMBER, BUCCOPHARYNGEAL CAVITY, and INTERNAL NARIS

Question 116

Guard Cells are shaped like

Answer 116

Kidneys

Question 117

Rate of exchange of gases is much ___________ in plants than in animals.

Answer 117

slower

Question 118

-------- are the small pores present on the bark of the stem, which also help in respiration

Answer 118

Lenticles