Ch. 6- Lecture Slides Flashcards
Transcultural Nursing
Understanding and integrating cultural knowledge into all aspects of nursing care
Culture
Set of learned values, beliefs, customs, and practices that are shared by a group and passed from one generation to another
Subculture
- Share characteristics with primary culture
- Has characteristic patterns of behavior and ideals that distinguish it from the rest of cultural group
- Differences in subcultures may cause communication difficulties when providing patient care
Cultural Competence
Nurses need to deliver culturally competent care to provide the best of care and avoid stereotyping and accept each individual in order to provide holistic care
Stereotype
Generalization about a form of behavior, an individual, or a group
Ethnic Stereotype
Fixed concept of how all members of an ethnic group act or think
Race
Group of people who share biologic physical characteristics and hereditary factors
Ethnicity
- Group of people who share a common social and cultural heritage based on shared traditions, national origin, and physical and biologic characteristics
- Ethnocentrism: When members of a group believe that their beliefs and practices are the best
Matriarchal Culture
Cultures in which women make decisions about health care and provide the care and discipline to the children. African American cultures often demonstrate this.
Biomedical Therapy
The basic philosophy in the United States that is relevant to healthcare. Biomedical health belief system - life processes can be manipulated by humans by mechanical interventions
“Third-world” or “folk health” belief system-medical staff often unfamiliar with these beliefs.
Folk health is a belief system that includes a belief of a supernatural force exerting influence to cause health or illness. Sometimes involves herbs, magic, and/or witchcraft.
Holistic Belief Systems
Focuses on restoring balance with physical, social, and metaphysical worlds.
Mexican Americans
They prefer family members to take care of the male in the family is the decision- maker. During birth, only female family members are present. No fathers are present during the birth. The patient, especially geriatric ones may not be culturally sensitive to caregivers. Older adults are less tolerant of other cultures .Cultural background plays an important role in determining the resident’s status. Home remedies are valuable to the client even if harmful.
African Americans
Matriarchal Culture
Chinese Americans
They do not maintain eye-contact since they think it is disrespectful. Do not sit and talk to them face to face. They prefer side-to-side communication or at a right angle.
Muslim Americans
Ramadan is when they practice fasting. They do not eat pork. Their religious leader is a “Imam”. Use same-sex nurse to provide care when possible. Muslim women normally do not make decisions. They let the head of the household or family members make decisions. They normally keep their heads covered and their extremities. Allow privacy for prayer.
American Indians
Don’t touch items of deceased. After death their name is not spoken. Ask family how you can help with the death ceremony. After the birth of a baby, they take the umbilical cord form the newborn and dry it then bury it near an object or place the parents want for the child’s future.
Orthodox Jewish
Father names the new baby using the Holy Torah and if the baby is a boy a mohel will circumcise the baby, not the doctor. Following birth, the father avoids physical contact with the spouse who just gave birth. Dietary concerns: use separate cooking utensils for meat and milk products. During Passover, before the patients eats the meal on the tray, the nurse should provide the patient with time for prayer.
Roman Catholic- Birth control
= Abstinence
Latter-Day Saints
No caffeine or alcohol. Undergarments are sacred so do not remove except in emergencies
A nurse is working in a long-term care facility and admits an 85 year old resident of Hispanic descent diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. What should this nurse take into consideration when caring for the resident? Select all that apply.
a. Cultural background has an important role in determining the resident’s status.
b. The resident will be culturally sensitive to caregivers.
c. Home remedies may have value even if harmful
d. The resident will have a strong sense of trust for health care workers
e. Communication should involve gesturing whenever possible
