CH 6 Learning

Question 1

learning

Answer 1

• acquiring new, enduring info or behaviors

- cognitive and observational learning

Question 2

associative learning

Answer 2

• learning when certain events occur

- classical and operant conditioning

Question 3

Pavlov classical conditioning

Answer 3

• learn to link 2+ stimuli
• unconditioned stimulus(US) -food in mouth
• unconditioned response(UR)- salivating
• neural stimulus- ringing, produces no salivation response
• US and NS presented together - NS becomes conditioned stimulus (CR) as it produces the conditioned response (CR) of salivating

Question 4

process of classical conditioning*

Answer 4

• acquisition
• extinction
• spontaneous recovery
• generalization
• discriminaiton

Question 5

Skinner operant conditioning

Answer 5

-successive approximation (shaping behavior) -reinforcers guide actions closer toward a desired behavior

Question 6

types of reinforcers in operant conditioning

Answer 6

positive reinforcement - give something that is desired (ex giving a dog a treat) to increase behavior

negative reinforcement - end something that is undesired to increase behavior ( putting on seatbelt to end beeps)

Question 7

schedules of reinforcers

Answer 7

• fixed ratio: every so many
• variable ratio: after an unpredictable number
• fixed interval: every so often
• variable interval: reinforced after a random amount of time

Question 8

punishment

Answer 8

• consequence that reduces targeted behavior

Question 9

observational learning

Answer 9

types:
observational - learning by observing others
modeling - imitating specific behavior
vicarious reinforcement/punishment: anticipate a behavior s consequence