Ch 6 Grammar

Question 1

Morphology

Answer 1

The study of word formation

Question 2

Syntax

Answer 2

The study of how words form larger structures such as phrases, clauses and sentences

Question 3

Descriptive

Answer 3

Taking an approach to language study that focuses on how language is actually used

Question 4

Prescriptive

Answer 4

Taking an approach to language study that focuses on rules and notions of correctness

Question 5

Root

Answer 5

A morpheme that can stand on its own and can usually form a word in its own right

Question 6

Suffix

Answer 6

A morpheme that comes after a root word to modify its meaning

Question 7

Prefix

Answer 7

A morpheme that comes before a root word to modify its meaning

Question 8

Affix

Answer 8

The overall term for an addition of a root to modify its meaning or create a new word

Question 9

Inflectional function

Answer 9

The way that an affix shows a grammatical category such as a verb tense or a plural noun

Question 10

Derivational function

Answer 10

The way an affix helps to form a new word by attaching itself to a root

Question 11

Noun phrase

Answer 11

A group of words built around a noun

Question 12

Verb phrase

Answer 12

A group of words built around a head verb

Question 13

Head word

Answer 13

The main noun in the phrase

Question 14

Pre-modifier

Answer 14

A word that goes before the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it

Question 15

Qualifier

Answer 15

An additional word of phrase that add some further detail to the noun

Question 16

Post-modifier

Answer 16

A word that comes after the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it

Question 17

Primary auxiliary verb

Answer 17

An auxiliary very that joins with the main verb to show tense

Question 18

Modal auxiliary verb

Answer 18

Joins with the main verb to show commitment towards an even or person that a speaker holds

Question 19

Clause

Answer 19

A group of words centered around a verb phrase

Question 20

Coordination

Answer 20

The joining of two clauses that gives them equal weighing

Question 21

Subordination

Answer 21

The joining of two clauses that gives the main clause more weighing than another clause - or clauses

Question 22

Adverbial clause

Answer 22

A subordinate clause that functions as an adverbial

Question 23

Noun clause

Answer 23

A subordinate clause that functions as a subject, object or complement

Question 24

Active voice

Answer 24

Agent in subject position for prominence; verb phrase is present or past tense

Question 25

Passive voice

Answer 25

Agent omitted or placed later in the clause using a prepositional phrase; verb phrase changes to a form ‘to be’ + participle form (verb root +en/ed)

Question 26

Orthographic sentence

Answer 26

A ‘sentence’ marked by a capital letter and full stop but containing no verb