ch 6 coordination (CNS) (p.7-13)

Question 1

the human nervous system consists of which two parts?

Answer 1

1. central nervous system
2. peripheral nervous system

Question 2

what does the central nervous system include?

Answer 2

• the brain
• the spinal cord

Question 3

what does the peripheral nervous system include?

Answer 3

• the cranial nerves
• the spinal nerves

Question 4

what is the role of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 4

to link the receptors and effectors to the CNS.

Question 5

the human nervous system is made of a large number of nerve cells called ____.

Answer 5

neurones

Question 6

each neurone has a ____ and a number of ____.

Answer 6

cell body ; nerve fibres

Question 7

the cell body consists of a mass of ____ with a ____.

Answer 7

cytoplasm ; nucleus

Question 8

the cell bodies of most neurones lie ____ the CNS.

Answer 8

inside

Question 9

____ nerves are nerves arising from the spinal cord.

Answer 9

spinal

Question 10

____ nerves are nerves arising from the brain.

Answer 10

cranial

Question 11

the nerve fibres extend from the ____ to the ____, _____, and other neurones.

Answer 11

cell bodies ; receptors ; effectors

Question 12

____ is a nerve fibre that carries nerve impulses towards the cell body.

Answer 12

dendron

Question 13

what are dendrites?

Answer 13

fine branches at the dendron end.

Question 14

what are axons?

Answer 14

axon is a nerve fibre that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.

Question 15

what is the function of myelin sheath?

Answer 15

myelin sheath around nerve fibres helps to speed up the rate of transmission of nerve impulses by insulating the nerve fibres from the surrounding medium.

Question 16

what are the different types of neurones?

Answer 16

• sensory neurone
• interneurone
• motor neurone

Question 17

what is the shape of the cell body of the sensory neurone?

Answer 17

oval-shaped.

Question 18

what are the lengths of the dendrons and axons of the sensory neurone?

Answer 18

long dendron, short axon.

Question 19

where is the cell body of the sensory neurone located?

Answer 19

cell body lying outside the CNS.

Question 20

sensory neurones transmit nerve impulses from the ____ to the ____.

Answer 20

receptors ; CNS

Question 21

what is the shape of the cell body of the interneurone?

Answer 21

star-like cell body.

Question 22

what are the lengths of the dendrons and axons of the interneurone?

Answer 22

short dendron, short axon

Question 23

where is the interneurone located?

Answer 23

inside the CNS.

Question 24

interneurones transmit nerve impulses within the ____, from the ____ or another interneurone to the ____ or another interneurone.

Answer 24

CNS ; sensory neurone ; motor neurone

Question 25

the interneurone makes connection between which neurones?

Answer 25

between sensory neurones and motor neurones or with other interneurones.

Question 26

what is the shape of the cell body of the motor neurone?

Answer 26

star-like cell body.

Question 27

what are the lengths of the dendrons and axons of the motor neurone?

Answer 27

very short dendrons, long axon

Question 28

(motor neurone) its axon ____ at its ends to form many ____, which are in contact with the ____.

Answer 28

branches ; motor end plates ; muscle fibres

Question 29

motor neurones transmits nerve impulses from the ____ to the ____.

Answer 29

sensory neurone ; effectors

Question 30

the nerves can be seen as white, tough threads arising from the ____ or ____.

Answer 30

spinal cord ; brain

Question 31

a nerve is composed of....

Answer 31

a bundle of nerve fibres wrapped in connective tissue.

Question 32

most nerves contain a mixture of ____ and ____.

Answer 32

sensory ; motor nerve fibres

Question 33

the neurones are not in direct contact with each other. ____ are separated by a narrow gap called ____.

Answer 33

adjacent neurones ; synapse

Question 34

what are nerve impulses?

Answer 34

nerves impulses are electrical messages. they cannot travel across the synapse directly.

Question 35

at the synapse, the ending of the axon contains many ____ and ____, which contain a ____.

Answer 35

mitochondria ; synaptic vesicles ; neurotransmitter