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Science > Ch-6 Biology > Flashcards

Ch-6 Biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is reproduction?

A

Reproduction is the biological process by which new individual organisms are produced.

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2
Q

What are the two main types of reproduction?

A

The two main types of reproduction are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.

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3
Q

True or False: Asexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes.

A

False.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: In sexual reproduction, two parents contribute ______.

A

gametes.

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5
Q

What is a gamete?

A

A gamete is a reproductive cell that carries half the genetic information of an organism.

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6
Q

What is fertilization?

A

Fertilization is the process where a male gamete (sperm) and a female gamete (egg) fuse to form a zygote.

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7
Q

List one advantage of sexual reproduction.

A

One advantage of sexual reproduction is increased genetic diversity.

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8
Q

List one disadvantage of asexual reproduction.

A

One disadvantage of asexual reproduction is reduced genetic variation.

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9
Q

What is budding?

A

Budding is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud on the parent.

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10
Q

True or False: All animals reproduce sexually.

A

False.

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11
Q

What is regeneration?

A

Regeneration is the process by which some organisms can regrow lost body parts.

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12
Q

What type of reproduction do hydra use?

A

Hydra primarily reproduce asexually through budding.

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13
Q

What is internal fertilization?

A

Internal fertilization is the process where fertilization occurs inside the female’s body.

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14
Q

What is external fertilization?

A

External fertilization is the process where fertilization occurs outside the female’s body, typically in water.

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15
Q

Name one animal that uses external fertilization.

A

Fish.

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16
Q

Name one animal that uses internal fertilization.

A

Humans.

17
Q

What is a zygote?

A

A zygote is the fertilized egg that results from the union of sperm and egg.

18
Q

What is the role of the placenta in mammals?

A

The placenta provides nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus and removes waste products.

19
Q

What is oviparous?

A

Oviparous animals are those that lay eggs, with embryos developing outside the mother’s body.

20
Q

What is viviparous?

A

Viviparous animals give birth to live young, with embryos developing inside the mother’s body.

21
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes and results in offspring identical to the parent.

22
Q

True or False: Parthenogenesis is a form of sexual reproduction.

A

False.

23
Q

What is parthenogenesis?

A

Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction where an egg develops into an individual without fertilization.

24
Q

What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

A

Sexual reproduction involves two parents and the fusion of gametes, while asexual reproduction involves one parent and does not involve gametes.

25
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of ______ involves the development of an organism from an egg.

A

embryogenesis.

26
Q

What is metamorphosis?

A

Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an organism undergoes a significant change in form during its life cycle.

27
Q

Give an example of an animal that undergoes metamorphosis.

A

Frogs.

28
Q

What is a life cycle?

A

A life cycle is the series of stages an organism goes through from birth to reproduction and eventually death.

29
Q

True or False: All organisms have the same type of life cycle.

A

False.

30
Q

What is a larva?

A

A larva is an immature form of an animal that undergoes metamorphosis, often looking very different from the adult.

31
Q

What is spawning?

A

Spawning is the process by which aquatic animals release eggs and sperm into the water for external fertilization.

32
Q

What is ovoviviparous?

A

Ovoviviparous animals produce eggs that hatch inside the female’s body, resulting in live young.

33
Q

Give an example of an ovoviviparous animal.

A

Some species of sharks.

34
Q

What is the primary benefit of sexual reproduction?

A

The primary benefit is genetic diversity, which enhances adaptability.

35
Q

What is cloning?

A

Cloning is a method of asexual reproduction that produces a genetically identical copy of an organism.

36
Q

True or False: Cloning occurs naturally in some organisms.

A

True.

37
Q

What is the significance of reproduction in ecosystems?

A

Reproduction ensures the continuation of species and contributes to biodiversity.

38
Q

What is sexual dimorphism?

A

Sexual dimorphism refers to the differences in appearance between male and female members of the same species.

39
Q

What is the role of courtship behavior in reproduction?

A

Courtship behavior helps attract mates and increase the likelihood of successful reproduction.

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