ch 6 - ap us gov

Question 1

Agents of socialization

Answer 1

The individuals, organizations, and institutions that facilitate the acquisition of political views.

Question 2

Conservatism

Answer 2

An ideology that emphasizes preserving tradition and relying on community and family as mechanisms of continuity in society.

Question 3

Exit polls

Answer 3

Polls conducted at polling places on Election Day to project the winner of an election before the polls close.

Question 4

Gender gap

Answer 4

The measurable difference in the way women and men vote for candidates and in the way they view political issues.

Question 5

Generational effect

Answer 5

the impact of an important external event in shaping the views of a generation.

Question 6

Liberalism

Answer 6

An ideology that advocates change in the social, political, and economic realms to better protect the well-being of individuals and to produce equality within society.

Question 7

Libertarianism

Answer 7

An ideology whose advocates believe that government should take a “hands off” approach in most matters.

Question 8

Party identification

Answer 8

The personal sense of loyalty that an individual may feel toward a particular political party.

Question 9

Political culture

Answer 9

The characteristic and deep-seated beliefs of a particular people about government and politics

Question 10

Socialism

Answer 10

An ideology that advocates economic equality, theoretically achieved by having the government or workers own the means of production (businesses and industry).

Question 11

Stratified sampling

Answer 11

a process of random sampling in which the national population is divided into fourths and certain areas within these regions are selected as representative of the national population.

Question 12

Populism

Answer 12

philosophy supporting the rights and empowerment of the masses as opposed to elites.

Question 13

Political socialization

Answer 13

The learning process by which people acquire their political opinions, beliefs, and values.

Question 14

Population

Answer 14

In a public opinion poll, the people (for example, the citizens of a nation) whose opinions are being estimated through interviews with a sample of these people.

Question 15

Public opinion

Answer 15

The politically relevant opinions held by ordinary citizens that they express openly.

Question 16

Public opinion poll

Answer 16

A device for measuring public opinion whereby a relatively small number of individuals (the sample) are interviewed for the purpose of estimating the opinions of a whole community (the population).

Question 17

Push polls

Answer 17

A special type of poll that both attempts to skew public opinion about a candidate and provides information to campaigns about candidate strengths and weaknesses.

Question 18

Quota sample

Answer 18

A method by which pollsters structure a sample so that it is representative of the characteristics of the target population.

Question 19

Random sampling

Answer 19

A scientific method of selection in which each member of the population has an equal chance of being included in the sample.

Question 20

Sample

Answer 20

In a public opinion poll, the relatively small number of individuals who are interviewed for the purpose of estimating the opinions of an entire population.

Question 21

Sampling error

Answer 21

A measure of the accuracy of a public opinion poll. The sampling error is mainly a function of sample size and is usually expressed in percentage terms.

Question 22

Straw poll

Answer 22

A poll conducted in an unscientific manner, used to predict election outcomes.

Question 23

Tracking polls

Answer 23

Polls that measure changes in public opinion over the course of days, weeks, or months by repeatedly asking respondents the same questions and measuring changes in their responses.