Ch 6 Anatomy Flashcards
Membrane is a
Thin, sheet like structure that has many important functions in the body
The 2 major categories of body membrane are
Epithelial and connective tissue membrane
Epithelial membranes are
Composed of epithelial tissue and an underlying layer of fibrous connective tissue
Connective tissue membrane are
Composed of types of connective tissue.
The 3 types of epithelial tissue membranes in the body are
Cutaneous membrane, serous membrane, and mucous membrane
The primary organ of the integumentary system is the
Cutaneous membrane or skin
The parietal layer is the
Serous membrane that lines the walls of a body cavity
The visceral layer is the
Portion of the membrane that folds inward to cover the surface of organs within a body cavity
In the thoracic cavity the serous membrane around each lung is called the
Pleura
In the abdominal cavity the serous membrane covering most of the organs is called the
Peritoneum
Pericardium is
A fibrous sac around the heart and a visceral layer covers the heart wall
Inflammation of the serous membranes that line the chest cavity and cover the lungs is
Pleurisy
Inflammation of the serous membrane in the abdominal cavity that line the walls and cover the abdominal organs is
Peritonitis
Connective tissue membranes do not contain
Epithelial components
Connective tissue membrane produces a lubricant called
Synovial fluid
The 2 layers of distinct tissues are
Epidermis and dermis
Epidermis is the
Outermost layer of the skin. It is a thin sheet of stratified squamous epithelium
Dermis Is
The deeper of the two layers. It is thicker than the epidermis and is made up largely of connective tissue
The layers of the skin are supported by a thick layer of loose connective tissue and fat called
Subcutaneous tissue or the hypodermis
The innermost deepest layer is called the
Stratum germinativum. It’s attached to the underlying dermis
As cells approach the surface, they are filled with a tough waterproof protein called
Keratin
The outermost layer of keratin filled cells is
Stratum Corneum
The brown pigment melanin is produced by cells called
Melanocytes
Amount and type of melanin, determined by genes, help to
Determine basic skin color
Small bumps help stabilize the junction is called
Dermal papillae
Blisters is caused by
Breakdown of union between cells or primary layers of the skin
Number of elastic fibers decreases with
Age and contributes to wrinkle formation
The subcutaneous tissue is also called
Superficial fascia or hypodermis
Located deep to the dermis but is not part of the skin
Subcutaneous tissue
Loose fibrous and adipose tissue are prominent in this layer
Subcutaneous tissue
Soft hair of fetus abs newborn is called
Lanugo
Hair growth requires epidermal tubelike structure called
Hair follicle
Hair growth begins from
Hair papilla
Hair root lies hidden in follicle and visible part of hair is called
Shaft
Smooth muscle of the skin that produces goosebumps and causes hair to stand up straight is
Arrector pili
Visible part of nail called
Nail body
Crescent shaped area nearest root is
Lunula
Nail bed changes in color with
Change in blood flow
Makes it possible for skin to act as a sense organ is a
Sensory nerve endings
Capable of detecting light touch is
Tactile corpuscle
Capable of detecting pressure is
Lamellar corpuscle
The skin glands include 2 varieties
Sweat glands and the tiny sebaceous glands
Sweat glands are also called
Sudoriferous glands
Sweat glands can be classified into 2 groups
Eccrine and apocrine
The most important sweat gland in the body is the
Eccrine sweat gland
A transparent watery liquid is called
Perspiration or sweat
Outlets of small ducts from the eccrine sweat glands is called
Pores
Apocrine sweat glands are found in the
Skin, in the axilla (armpit) and in the pigmented skin areas around the genitalia
What gland secretes oil or sebum from hair and skin
Sebaceous glands
How many calories of body heat can the skin release per day
3,000
Skin functions as an
Enormous sense organ
Types of skin cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and kaposi sarcoma
Causes of skin cancer
Genetic predisposition
Suns UV radiation
Viral infection
An important function of the skin is
Synthesis of vitamin D
Any process in which the body rids itself of waste or surplus substances is
Excretion
The most common type of skin cancer is
Basel cell carcinoma
A slow growing malignant tumor of the epidermis is
Squamous cell carcinoma
The most serious form of skin cancer is
Melanoma
Kaposi sarcoma is caused by
Kaposi sarcoma. Associated with herpesvirus
What is the most commonly used methods of determining the extent of burn injury in adults
The rules of nines
What is used to describe the severity of burns
Classification system
What burn Causes minor discomfort and some Redding of the skin
First degree burns
What burn Involves the deep epidermal layers and always caused injury to the upper layers of the dermis
Second degree burn
What burn is Characterized by complete destruction of the epidermis and dermis
Third degree burn
What burn is used to describe full thickness burn that extends below the subcutaneous tissue to reach muscle and bones
4th degree burn
