CH 6: A&P Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
Musculoskeletal System, 3 main functions:
-Gives the body shape
-Protects vital internal organs
-Provides for body movement
Skeleton consists of:
skull and spine, ribs and sternum, shoulders and upper extremities, and pelvis and lower extremities
Skull
Bony structure of the head, Function to enclose, protect brain
Skull consists of:
Cranium and Face
Cranium
Top, back, and sides
Face
Front of the skull
Cranium connects to facial bones:
-Mandible
-Maxillae
-Nasal bones
-Orbits
-Zygomatic arches
Spinal column
33 vertebrae that encase the spinal cord
Spinal cord is essential for:
movement, sensation, and vital functions
Thorax
-12 ribs and sternum
-Protects the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels
Division of the spine:
1: Cervical (7)
2: Thoracic (12)
3: Lumbar (5)
4: Sacrum (5)
5: Coccyx (4)
Pelvis
-Ilium
-Ischium
-Pubis
-Hip joint
–Acetabulum
–Ball at proximal end of femur
Lower extremities
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Ankle
–Lateral malleolus
–Medial malleolus
–Tarsals
Foot
Metatarsals
Calcaneus (Heel)
Toe bones
Phalanges
Upper extremities
Clavicle
Scapula
Acromion process (Acromioclavicular joint)
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Wrist
Carpals
Hand
Metacarpals
Phalanges (finger bones)
Joints
Formed when bones connect to other bones
Two types of joints
Ball-and-socket and Hinge
Muscles
Voluntary (skeletal)
Involuntary (smooth)
Automaticity (Cardiac) -(Heart has ability to generate and conduct own electrical impulses)
3 types of muscle
skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle
