ch 6

Question 1

Peninsula

Answer 1

an area of land almost completely surrounded by water and connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of land

Question 2

acropolis

Answer 2

the fortified hill of an ancient Greek city

Question 3

aristrocrat

Answer 3

a member of a rich and powerful family

Question 4

tyrant

Answer 4

a ruler who takes power by force

Question 5

democracy

Answer 5

a form of government in which citizens govern themselves

Question 6

why did many ancient Greeks become sailors and traders?

Answer 6

Greeks coastline and island are good for fishing and trading, lots of inlets

Question 7

Minoan civilization

Answer 7

from 3000 to 1100 bce, lived on island of Crete. Developed a broad sea trade network.

Question 8

Mycenaeans

Answer 8

from the mainland, probably conquered Minoan civilisation. Island and mainland culture blended. Used writing

Question 9

Trojan War

Answer 9

according to the myth, Greece conquered Troy by using a trick of a huge wooden horse as a gift. The solders were hiding inside. Two epics survive from this time, the Iliad and the Odyssey and are credited to Homer. They taught the Greeks what their gods were like and what their heroes were like. Today people think these poems were passed down through many generations. Homer may have been the most famous of these poets.

Question 10

Dark Ages in Greece

Answer 10

after the Trojan War, Greek civilization collapsed. People didn’t write any longer due to poverty and concern about survivial. Stories had to be passed orally from generation to generation.

Question 11

Citizenship

Answer 11

only men could be citizens of Athens

Question 12

three types of city states

Answer 12

aristocratic, tyrants and democracy

Question 13

tribute

Answer 13

a regular payment made to a powerful state or nation by a weaker one

Question 14

oracle

Answer 14

a sacred site where a god or goddess was consulted. any priest or priestess who spoke to the gods. Oracle at Delphi consulted Apollo.

Question 15

philosopher

Answer 15

someone who usues reason to understand the world

Question 16

tragedy

Answer 16

a type of serious play that usually ends in disaster for the main character

Question 17

Pericles

Answer 17

the most powerful man during Athens Golden Age 495-429 bc

Question 18

Sophists

Answer 18

skilled speakers of philosophy

Question 19

Socrates, Plate and Aristotle

Answer 19

three men from Athen’s golden age who had a lasting effect on modern teaching and learning

Question 20

The republic

Answer 20

written by plato. Society should be made up of workers, soldiers and philosopher-rulers.

Question 21

Lyceum and the academy

Answer 21

Aristotle and plato’s schools

Question 22

The Parthenon

Answer 22

after the acropolis was destroyed, Pericles decided to rebuild it. He built the Parthenon as a temple for Athena.

Question 23

Know thyself

Answer 23

what does this mean?

Question 24

Agora

Answer 24

a public market and meeting place in Athens

Question 25

vendor

Answer 25

a seller of goods

Question 26

Roles of slaves

Answer 26

labor on farms, dug silver and other metals, assisted artisans, cooked and served food and took care of children.

Question 27

Helot

Answer 27

a member of a certain class of servants in ancient Sparta

Question 28

Peloponnesian War

Answer 28

a war fought between Athens and Sparta involving almost every other Greek city state

Question 29

plague

Answer 29

a wide spread disease

Question 30

blockade

Answer 30

an action taken to isolate an enemy and cut off its supplies

Question 31

Women in Sparta

Answer 31

could own land, and take part in business

Question 32

Battle at Marathon

Answer 32

a huge force of Persians invaded Greece and gathered at Marathon, about 25 miles north of Athens. Athenians were able to overwhelm the Persians, even though they were outnumbered. The greeks united to drive the Persioans off.

Question 33

Fall of Athens

Answer 33

early in the Peloponnesian War, a plague descended on Athens and killed 1/3 of the people, including Pericles. Athens never recovered from its losses. the spartan army formed a blockade around Athens and Athens surrended to sparta in404 bc.

Question 34

barbarian

Answer 34

a wild and uncivilized person

Question 35

assassinate

Answer 35

to murder for political reasons

Question 36

Alexander the Great

Answer 36

king of Macedonia, conquerer of Persia and Egypt and invader of India.

Question 37

Hellenistic

Answer 37

describing Greek history or culture after the death of Alexander the Great.

Question 38

Hellenistic kingdoms

Answer 38

after alexander’s death, his kingdom was broken in three main kingdoms descended from one of Alexander’s commanders. These kingdoms continued with Greek culture and were modeled after Greek cities

Question 39

Alexandria

Answer 39

learning capital of Greek world, flourished with math and science. Greek scientists at the time knew that the earth was round, founded at the Nile delta

Question 40

Archimedes

Answer 40

studied pulleys and levers