ch 6 Flashcards
constantly changing
dynamic
division of a limiting resource based on differences in species behavior or morphology
resource partitioning
organisms that lay eggs inside other organisms
parasitoids
occurs on surfaces where soil is present but plants have been removed
secondary succession
how individuals within a population are distributed with respect to one another
population distribution
species whose survival rate declines early in life
type 3 survival curve
communities in late-stage succession with more complex species; succession ends
climax stage
populations max potential for growth (resources are not limited)
intrinsic growth rate (r)
organism parasite lives in/on
host
closely grouped distribution of individuals within a population
clumped distribution
behavioral, morphological, chemical, mimicry
defenses against predation
limit of how much a ecosystem can sustain
carrying capacity (k)
predictable replacement of one species by another over time
ecological succession
ratio males-females
sex ratio
competition
predation
mutualism
commensalism
categories of species interactions
species with high intrinsic growth rates whose abundance fluctuates with overshoots and dieoffs
r-selected species
competition
struggle between individuals to obtain a limiting resource
predator-prey population oscillation
more prey= more predator
more predator=less prey
less prey= less predator
repeat process
mutualism
interaction between species which both increase species fitness
keystone species
species that play a crucial role in a community
type 2 survival curve
species survival rate stays constant
density-dependent factors
factors that influence species fitness or population size
symbiotic relationship
relationship of 2 species that live in close association
metapopulations
spatially distinct populations convector by occasional movement between them which helps overall persistence
predator-mediated competition
organism who reduces abundance of superior competitor and allows inferior competitors to compete
competitive exclusion principal
2 species cannot exist when competing for the same limiting resource
corridor
strips of habitats that allows individuals to traverse between populations
species reduce competition by evolving in body and shape
morphological resource partitioning
divisions of populations by natural or human defined boundaries based on population density
management zone
keystone species are…
ecosystem engineers
factors that influence individuals fitness probability not related to population size
density-independent factors
organisms who
rarely kill their prey
consume only a fraction of their prey
live on the organism
parasites
species with low intrinsic growth rates whose abundance stays near carrying capacity
k-selected species
species whose survival rate declines late in life
type 1 survival curve
mathematical equations used to predict population size
population growth models
shape made by exponential growth
J
habitats larger in size and closer to species leads to more colonization, less extinction, and more speciation
theory of island biogeography
species reduce competition by utilizing same resource in different habitats
spatial resource partitioning
die off
rapid decline in population
