Ch. 6

Question 1

Intellectual property

Answer 1

a term used to describe works of the mind—such as art, books, films, formulas, inventions, music, and processes—that are distinct and owned or created by a single person or group.

Question 2

copyright

Answer 2

is the exclusive right to distribute, display, perform, or reproduce an original work in copies

Question 3

The Prioritizing Resources and Organization for Intellectual Property (PRO-IP) Act of 2008

Answer 3

increased trademark and copyright enforcement; it also substantially increased penalties for infringement.

Question 4

World Trade Organization (WTO) in Geneva, Switzerland

Answer 4

enforce compliance with the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) agreement

Question 5

patent

Answer 5

grant of property right issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) to an inventor that permits its owner to exclude the public from making, using, or selling a protected invention, and it allows for legal action against violators. A patent prevents copying as well as independent creation (which is allowable under copyright law).

Question 6

Unlike copyright infringement, for which monetary penalties are limited to certain specified dollar amounts, if the court determines that a _________ has been intentionally infringed, it can award up to triple the amount of the damages claimed by the patent holder.

Answer 6

patent

Question 7

Trade secret law has three key advantages over the use of patents and copyrights in protecting companies from losing control of their intellectual property:

Answer 7

(1)
There are no time limitations on the protection of trade secrets, unlike patents and copyrights;

(2)
there is no need to file any application or otherwise disclose a trade secret to outsiders to gain protection; and

(3)
there is no risk that a trade secret might be found invalid in court.

Question 8

noncompete agreement

Answer 8

prohibits an employee from working for any competitors for a period of time, often one to two years.

Question 9

trademark

Answer 9

a logo, package design, phrase, sound, or word that enables a consumer to differentiate one company’s products from another’s.

Question 10

Patent law protects inventions, and copyright law protects authored works.

Question 11

The waterfall system development model

Answer 11

sequential, multistage system development process in which development of the next stage of the system cannot begin until the results of the current stage are approved or modified as necessary.

Question 12

agile development methodology

Answer 12

a system is developed in iterations (often called sprints), lasting from one to four weeks. Agile development, which accepts the fact that system requirements are evolving and cannot be fully understood or defined at the start of the project, concentrates on maximizing the team’s ability to deliver quickly and respond to emerging requirements.

Question 13

software development methodology

Answer 13

A standard, proven work process that enables systems analysts, programmers, project managers, and others to make controlled and orderly progress in developing high-quality software

Question 14

static testing

Answer 14

A software-testing technique in which the software is tested without actually executing the code

Question 15

CMMI-DEV

Answer 15

s a collection of best practices that help organizations assess and improve their software development practices

Question 16

professional employer organization (PEO)

Answer 16

hires the employees of its clients and then assumes responsibility for all human resource functions. If this arrangement is terminated, the workers continue to be employed by the client company.