Ch 5: Sensation and Perception

Question 1

Anatomical Code

Answer 1

Different sensations simulate different nerve pathways and travel to different parts of the brain; related to Doctrine of Specific Nerve Energies

Question 2

Functional Coding

Answer 2

Which, how many, and what rate of cell are firing; pattern of each cell firing creates a code

Question 3

Absolute Threshold

Answer 3

Minimum amount of stimuli required to be reliably detected 50% of the time

Question 4

Difference Threshold

Answer 4

Smallest difference between two stimuli that a subject can detect

Question 5

Signal Detection Theory: Hit

Answer 5

Stimuli is present and perceived

Question 6

Signal Detection Theory: Miss

Answer 6

Stimuli is present and unperceived

Question 7

Signal Detection Theory: False Alarm

Answer 7

Stimuli is not present but still perceived

Question 8

Signal Detection Theory: Correct Rejection

Answer 8

Stimuli is not present and not perceived

Question 9

Selective Attention

Answer 9

Focusing on specific aspects, while ignoring others

Question 10

Inattention Blindness

Answer 10

Failure to consciously perceive something by not paying attention to it

Question 11

Sclera

Answer 11

White part of the eye

Question 12

Cornea

Answer 12

Clear covering of the eye

Question 13

Pupil

Answer 13

Regulates amount of light let into eye

Question 14

Iris

Answer 14

Round muscle that adjusts the size of the pupil

Question 15

Lens

Answer 15

Clear structure that focuses light onto back of the eye; flips the image, brain flips it back

Question 16

Retina

Answer 16

Neural tissue lining the back of the eyeball’s interior that contains the receptors for vision; also called the fovea

Question 17

Cones

Answer 17

Concentrated on retina to produce high detail, colour vision

Question 18

Rods

Answer 18

Located on outer area (can be seen in the middle) of retina, provide peripheral vision and adjusted to low-light conditions; can’t see colour well

Question 19

Bipolar Neurons

Answer 19

Synapse onto photoreceptors; cones and rods lead to it

Question 20

Ganglion Cells

Answer 20

Transmit signals from Bipolar Neurons to brain

Question 21

Optic Disk

Answer 21

Area on retina lacking rods and cones; cause of our blind-spot

Question 22

Optic Nerve

Answer 22

Axon tracts leading form Ganglion Cells to brain

Question 23

Trichromatic Theory

Answer 23

Colour vision is determined by red, blue, and green cones; Also known as Young-Helmholtz Theory

Question 24

Opponent-Process Theory

Answer 24

Perceive colour in terms of opposite ends of the spectrum (red to green) through opponent-process cells; cells firing when removing a colour, but it also fires when seeing the other colour

Question 25

Gestalt’s Principles

Answer 25

Figure, Ground, Proximity, Similarity, Continuity, Closure

Question 26

Dorsal Stream

Answer 26

“Where/how” stream, extends from visual cortex to parietal lobe, lets you interact with objects and track depth and motion perception