Ch 5 Review Flashcards
- What are the three divisions of the axial skeleton?
skull, vertebrae, and bony thorax (ribs & sternum)
- What are the major divisions of the skeletal system?
axial and appendicular
- What are the three divisions of the appendicular skeleton?
limbs, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle
- What are the two divisions of the skull? Be familiar with the names of the 22 bones of the skull.
cranial and facial bones
- What are the five divisions of the vertebral column? How many bones in each division?
cervical-7, thoracic-12, lumbar-5, sacrum-5 fused, coccyx-4 fused
What are the three bones located within the pelvis
ilium, ishium, pubis
What are the three bones of the sternum
manubrium, body, xiphoid process
Which ribs are true?
1-7
- Which ribs are false?
8-12
- Which ribs are floating?
11-12
What is scoliosis
S-shaped curvature of the spine
What is kyphosis
hunchback” curvature of the thoracic spine
What is lordosis?
swayback” curvature of the lumbar spine
Why are fractures to the vertebral column so dangerous?
High risk of damage to the spinal cord
- What are the names of the two most superior vertebrae?
Atlas (C1) and axis (C2)
- What are the three types of joints?
Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
- Which joint type offers the least amount of movement?
Fibrous
- What is a fontanelle? Where would you find a fontanelle?
Soft spots on a baby’s skull where the fibrous membranes are connecting cranial bones
- What is a suture? Where would you find a suture?
Irregular areas that interlock by fibrous tissue, cranial bones
- What are syndesmoses? Where would you find a syndesmosis?
Fibrous joints with more “give” that connect the distal ends of the tibia and fibula
- Where would you find cartilaginous joints?
Slightly moveable, at bone ends, pubic symphysis of pelvis, and intervertebral joints of spinal
column
- What are the four parts of synovial joints? What is the purpose of each?
See pg 149: Articular cartilage-covers ends of bones, fibrous articular capsule-enclose joint
surfaces, joint cavity-contains lubricating synovial fluid, reinforcing ligaments-stabilizes joint
- What are bursae?
Flattened fibrous sacs lined with synovial membrane and containing synovial fluid. They are not
part of but are associated with synovial joints.
- What are tendon sheaths?
An elongated bursa that wraps around a tendon subjected to friction
