Ch. 5 - Physical Environment and Safety Standards Flashcards by Unknown Unknown

What is the electrical engineering safety device required for all operating room electrical outlets?

a.
current converter

b.
flip top cover

c.
grounding system

d.
red-color designation

c.
grounding system

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Soiled sponges from the operative field are discarded into low-to-the-floor, rolling, lined kick buckets.

True
False

True

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Which type of electricity is generated primarily by friction between two surfaces?

a.
bipolar

b.
direct

c.
alternating

d.
static

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All of the following are ways to reduce personnel radiological exposure EXCEPT:

a.
distance

b.
amplification

c.
time

d.
shielding

b.
amplification

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What term is used for the smoke that is generated by use of a laser or electrosurgical unit pencil on tissue?

a.
emission

b.
plume

c.
scatter

d.
fog

b.
plume

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Equipment with the highest potential for serving as ignition sources in surgical fires include all of the following EXCEPT:

a.
laser fibers or beams

b.
phacoemulsification probes

c.
fiber-optic light cables

d.
electrosurgical units

b.
phacoemulsification probes

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According to the American Latex Allergy Association, what percentage of health care workers are allergic to latex?

a.
5-10%

b.
2-6%

c.
10-15%

d.
8-17%

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Which type of natural immunoglobulins are responsible for the type I serious allergic reactions to rubber-containing items?

a.
IgE

b.
IgG

c.
IgA

d.
IgM

a.
IgE

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What is the abbreviation for the sets of references that provide information about all potentially hazardous chemicals used in the perioperative setting and must be accessible to health care workers?

a.
AAMI

b.
OSHA

c.
NIOSH

d.
MSDS

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Which of the following diagnostic studies emits ionizing radiation?

a.
ultrasound

b.
pulse oximetry

c.
MRI scan

d.
fluoroscopy

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The visual representation of the components necessary to support a fire is which of the following geometric shapes?

a.
circle

b.
ellipse

c.
square

d.
triangle

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Which of the following is the mnemonic used to remember the steps for operating a fire extinguisher?

a.
RAST

b.
PMMA

c.
RACE

d.
PASS

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Which type of procedure would require an operating table with a fluid drain pan attachment?

a.
craniotomy

b.
cardiac catheterization

c.
cystoscopy

d.
coronary artery bypass

c.
cystoscopy

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An erasable board is usually hung in the OR that is within easy viewing range of the surgical team to record:

a.
sponge usage

b.
instrument counts

c.
all of the above

d.
sharps

c.
all of the above

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What is the chemical name of the powder and liquid mixture used as bone cement for placement of prostheses?

a.
ethylene oxide

b.
polymethyl methacrylate

c.
cyanoacrylate

d.
activated glutaraldehyde

b.
polymethyl methacrylate

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Unless the patient is at risk of hypothermia, the temperature range in the OR should be between:

a.
55°F and 60°F

b.
63°F and 68°F

c.
75°F and 80°F

d.
68°F and 73°F

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Polymethyl methacrylate is a gas used to sterilize heat-sensitive surgical instruments, but must be aerated from items before use on the patient.

True
False

False

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Which characteristic of surgical overhead lights allows the surgeon to differentiate between the colors of arterial and venous blood or subtle color changes in tissues?

a.
lightbulbs that give fluorescent light

b.
adjustable tracks for repositioning lights

c.
lightbulbs that approximate sunlight

d.
spot focus with dark center to prevent glaring

c.
lightbulbs that approximate sunlight

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What is the acronym for the treatment administered to a surgical technologist within 2 hours following a needle stick during a procedure on a patient with HIV?

a.
PASS

b.
PMMA

c.
PPE

d.
PEP

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Which of the following is the type of head fixation device that attaches to the operating table used frequently for craniotomy procedures?

a.
Wilson frame

b.
Mayfield brace

c.
C-arm unit

d.
lithotomy stirrups

b.
Mayfield brace

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The emergency shut-off valve for the supply of oxygen into an operating room is designated by which color?

a.
green

b.
black

c.
blue

d.
red

a.
green

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Which governmental agency mandates that operating rooms have a biohazard exposure control plan and make personal protective equipment available for personnel at risk?

a.
EPA

b.
FDA

c.
OSHA

d.
NRC

c.
OSHA

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What are the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for OR air exchanges per hour?

a.
20-25 with 20% fresh outside air

b.
10-15 with 90% filtered recirculated air

c.
10-15 with 20% fresh outside air

d.
20-25 with 90% filtered recirculated ai

a.
20-25 with 20% fresh outside air

Infectious, blood-saturated and dripping, regulated medical waste should be contained and discarded in red bags with a biohazard symbol.

True
False

True

Which of the following is the mnemonic used to remember the steps to take in the event of a surgical fire? a. RACE b. RAST c. PMMA d. PASS

a. RACE

Where are surgical instrument "booms" mounted in an operating room? a. door b. wall c. ceiling d. floor

c. ceiling

What is the term used for the process of cleaning an OR after one procedure and preparing for a subsequent one? a. turnover b. crossover c. changeover d. passover

a. turnover

All of the following are articulating breakpoints or removable sections of an operating table EXCEPT: a. side b. head c. waist d. knee

a. side

What is the name of the system attached to all anesthesia machines to remove waste anesthesia gases? a. suppression b. scavenger c. sequestering d. shunting

b. scavenger

The physical design of an OR suite is designed to control personnel, patient, and supply traffic and may be of a race track, hotel, or specialty grouping type. True False

True

A strategy to avoid intraoperative sharps injuries is to establish and use which type of a zone? a. danger b. free c. exposure d. neutral

d. neutral

The part of the complete ESU circuit that delivers alternating current back from exposed tissue to the ESU generator is the: a. patient return electrode (grounding pad) b. active electrode pencil c. third prong of the grounded plug d. foot control pedal

a. patient return electrode (grounding pad)

Which of the following is NOT part of a three-prong plug? a. inactive (neutral) wire/prong b. bipolar wire/prongs c. ground pin/prong d. active (hot) wire/prong

b. bipolar wire/prongs

All doors into a restricted area must remain closed during an operation to: a. preserve positive air pressure b. preserve negative air pressure c. none of the above d. reduce air turbulence

a. preserve positive air pressure

Which of the following would be least damaging to and most effective on a fire involving a laser generator or electrosurgical unit? a. cotton blankets used to smother fire b. sterile saline poured to douse fire c. Class C halon extinguisher sprayed on unit d. unplugging power cord to stop flow of electricity

c. Class C halon extinguisher sprayed on unit

Which of the following components of personal protective equipment (PPE) are worn for procedures using fluoroscopy? a. laser mask and laser goggles b. lead apron and thyroid shield c. plastic face shield and N-95 respirator mask d. arthroscopy boots and impervious apron

b. lead apron and thyroid shield

What distance from the portable x-ray unit should sterile members of the surgical team stand to reduce their exposure while the image is being taken? a. 1 foot b. as far as possible c. 2 feet d. 4 feet

b. as far as possible

What distance from the impact site of a laser beam on tissue should the smoke evacuator be positioned to capture 98% of the plume? a. 5 cm b. 2 cm c. 1 cm d. 10 cm

c. 1 cm

Which type of ventilation system provides a supply of clean air and reduces contaminants and fumes from the OR? a. positive, unidirectional b. negative, bidirectional c. positive, bidirectional d. negative, unidirectional

a. positive, unidirectional

Which of the following is NOT a category of hazard for OR personnel or surgical patients? a. physical b. biological c. chemical d. physiological

d. physiological

An operating room where a surgical procedure is in progress would be considered what type of area? a. biohazardous b. semirestricted c. restricted d. decontamination

c. restricted

Locker rooms, administrative offices, and the departmental main desk are examples of semirestricted areas in the OR suite. True False

False

Which of the following should be used by surgical team members to prevent potential injury from tasks involving heavy lifting, moving of equipment or patients, and long periods of standing or sitting? a. personal protective equipment b. proper body mechanics c. permissible exposure limits d. post-exposure prophylaxis

b. proper body mechanics

The post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) was previously often referred to as: a. recovery b. isolation c. outpatient d. holding

a. recovery

Which of the following is commonly used as a tissue fixative and preservative for surgical specimens sent to pathology? a. polymethyl methacrylate b. formalin c. ethylene oxide d. glutaraldehyd

b. formalin

Frozen section biopsies are sent to which hospital department for analysis? a. sterile processing b. CT scan c. pathology d. nuclear medicine

c. pathology

Which of the following is a substance that is derived from tropical trees and that patients and health care workers may be highly allergic to? a. latex b. polyvinylchloride c. chlorhexidine d. iodine

a. latex

Which of the following organizations sets standards for electrical safety, sterilization, and use of medical devices? a. CSPS b. AAMI c. ANSI d. OSHA

b. AAMI

Which piece of OR furniture is usually the MOST proximal to the operative site? a. back table b. kick bucket c. Mayo stand d. ring stand

c. Mayo stand

Effective surgical smoke evacuator units suction and filter particles as small as: a. 0.1-0.5 mm b. 1.0-5.0 mm c. 0.1-0.5 µm d. 1.0-5.0 µm

c. 0.1-0.5 µm

Which of the following terms relates to the potential impact on personnel from the duties of the job description or the handling and use of equipment and supplies encountered within the perioperative environment? a. aerobics b. ergonomics c. prosthetics d. mnemonics

b. ergonomics

The Wilson frame is used for positioning a patient in which of the following surgical positions? a. sitting b. lateral kidney c. prone d. lithotom

c. prone

Harvey Cushing, M.D., and William Bovie, Ph.D., collaborated in the 1926 to create the first: a. anesthesia machine b. heart-lung machine c. portable x-ray generator d. electrosurgical unit

d. electrosurgical unit

Which of the following national agencies is an arm of the CDC and functions under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to research and establish permissible exposure limits for chemical vapors and gases? a. ANSI b. NFPA c. NIOSH d. AAMI

c. NIOSH

Which of the following is the large piece of OR furniture onto which most sterile supplies are opened and organized for use during a case? a. prep table b. ring stand c. back table d. Mayo stand

c. back table