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Medical Term Quiz 6 > CH 5: Pathology > Flashcards

CH 5: Pathology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

anorexia

A

lack of appetite

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2
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

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3
Q

borborygmous *

A

rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the GI tract

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4
Q

constipation

A

difficulty in passing stool (feces)

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5
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent passage of loose, water stools

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6
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty in swallowing

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7
Q

eructation

A

gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth

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8
Q

flatus

A

gas expelled through the anus

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9
Q

hematochezia (BRBPR)

A

passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum

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10
Q

jaundice (icterus)

A

yellow- orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels or bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia)

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11
Q

melena

A

black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood

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12
Q

nausea

A

unpleasant sensation in the stomach associated with a tendency to vomit

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13
Q

statorrhea

A

fat in the feces; frothy, foul-smelling fecal matter (causes by indigestion of fat)

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14
Q

aphthous stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers

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15
Q

dental caries

A

tooth decay

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16
Q

herpes stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth cased by infection with the herpesvirus

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17
Q

oral leukoplakia

A

white plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth

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18
Q

periodontal disease

A

inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone

19
Q

achalasia

A

failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax

20
Q

esophageal cancer

A

malignant tumor of the esophagus

21
Q

esophageal varices

A

swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus; alcohol abuse
- portal hypertension

22
Q

gastric cancer

A

malignant tumor of the stomach

23
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach ; heart burn; reflux of esophageal to the stomach

24
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it

  1. hiatal hernia
  2. inguinal hernia
  3. umbilical hernia
25
Q

peptic ulcer

A

open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum

26
Q

anal fistula

A

abnormal tube like passageway near the anus

27
Q

colonic polyps

A

polyps (benign growth) protrude from the mucous membrane membrane of the colon

28
Q

colorectal cancer

A

adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, or both

29
Q

Crohn disease (small bowel)

A

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract (terminal ileum and colon)

  • regional enteritis
  • IBD: inflammatory bowel disease
30
Q

diverticulosis

A

abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall

- diverticulitis: pain bc sigmoid and resect it

31
Q

dysentery

A

painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection

32
Q

hemorrhoids

A

swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region

33
Q

ileus

A

loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines

34
Q

intussusception

A

telescoping of the intestines

35
Q

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

A

group of GI symptoms associated with stress and tension

36
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

chronic inflammation of the colon with the presence of ulcers

37
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of the intestine on itself

38
Q

cholelithiasis

A

gallstones in the gallbladder

39
Q

FFFF

A

female, fertile, fat, fair skin

40
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic degenerative disease of the liver

41
Q

pancreatic cancer

A

malignant tumor of the pancreas

- pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure) remove duodenum + pancreas

42
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

43
Q

viral hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver caused by a virus

  • Hep A: contaminated food or water
  • Hep B: blood transfusion, sex, etc severe infection
  • Hep C: can progress to chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma

Medical Term Quiz 6 (11 decks)

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