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HIT 140 > Ch 5 Integumentary System > Flashcards

Ch 5 Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

protection

A

from pathogens

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2
Q

regulate body temperature

A

blood vessels dilate (cool off) constrict (warm up trunk)

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3
Q

sensory receptors

A

nerves

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4
Q

excretion

A

eliminate of body sweat

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5
Q

synthesis of vitamin D

A

10 to 20 mins of daylight sufficient

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6
Q

epidermis

A

outer layer no blood or nerve supply

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7
Q

dermis

A

inner thicker layer under epidermis

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8
Q

subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)

A

contains loose connective tissue (CT) and adipose (fat)

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9
Q

accessory structures

A

hair, glands, and nails

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10
Q

How does hair/skin get its color

A

from melanin produced by melanocytes

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11
Q

Cynosis

A

blueish discoloration of the skin and nails from not enough oxygen need 90%

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12
Q

edema

A

swelling

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13
Q

sudoriferous glands

A

found on almost all body surfaces – they cool the body with sweat by evaporation and eliminate waste products- sweat is a clear odorless fluid

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14
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

secretes sebum (oil) it keeps our hair and skin soft and pliable and lubricates hair

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15
Q

ceruminous gland

A

produces cerumen or earwax. Traps particles and get rid of any garbage that might enter the ear canal

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16
Q

abscess

A

a localized collection of puss

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17
Q

ecchymosis

A

Bluish-black discoloration of the skin

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18
Q

abrasion

A

Scraping or rubbing away skin or mucous membrane because of friction

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19
Q

fissure

A

a crack like groove

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20
Q

contusion

A

Injury without a break in the skin

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21
Q

petechia

A

Small, pinpoint hemorrhages

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22
Q

polyp

A

A small stalk-like growth that protrudes outward from a mucous membrane

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23
Q

skin tags

A

Small brownish or flesh-colored skin often on the neck

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24
Q

sebum

A

Oily secretion of a sebaceous gland

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25
Q

pruritus

A

itching

26
Q

vesicle

A

A small, thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid – blister - found in hand foot and mouth disease

27
Q

Gangrene

A

Tissue death due to loss of adequate blood supply, invasion of bacteria, producing a very offensive foul odor

28
Q

cellulitis

A

An acute infection of the skin, hot, deep redness, pain, and swelling. Quick infection feels hot. Overweight people get it from not enough blood flow or bacteria lymphatic systems does not have a pump. So you have to move the body

29
Q

laceration

A

A tear in the skin is called

30
Q

Albinism

A

Absence of a pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

31
Q

alopecia

A

Partial or complete loss of hair

32
Q

Vitiligo

A

nonpigmented patches of white skin Michael Jackson had it

33
Q

Hemangioma

A

benign mass of blood vessels

34
Q

Acne vulgaris

A

inflammatory disorder seen on the face, chest, back, and neck - pustules and comedones blackheads and whiteheads severe form of acne

35
Q

burns

A

degree is classified by depth of injure

36
Q

1st degree burn

A

superficial epidermis (like a sunburn)

37
Q

2nd degree burn

A

partial thickness (dermis) a blister sunburn

38
Q

3rd degree burn

A

full thickness subcutaneous or down to the muscle

39
Q

4th degree burn

A

all the way down to the bone (The integumentary systems is constantly regenerating itself through mitosis) muscle does not grow back must be transplanted

40
Q

Carcinoma

A

skin cancer

41
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

areas exposed to the sun. Looks like elevated nodule with depression in the center. It rarely metastasizes (move one area to another) and tends to recur after being removed

42
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

malignancy of squamous or scale like cells. Top layer of our skin looks like scales
Faster growing than basal cell – potential for metastasis if not treated. Firm, flesh-colored or red papule, sometimes with a crusted appearance

43
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

tumor from melanocytes in pre-existing nevi or freckles or moles – darkly pigmented cancerous tumor. Irregular surface and borders, variable colors, greater than 6 mm should be removed. Usually on the trunk in men and legs in women

44
Q

Herpes zoster

A

another name for shingles, it’s an acute viral infection vesicles on the skin
It Follows along the nerve pathways. Could get it from child with chicken pox
Symptoms - severe pain, burning, itching, headache, tiredness

45
Q

Impetigo

A

contagious bacterial infection - usually around nose in mouth common in kids. Vesicles and crusty appearance. Children give antibiotic usually goes away

46
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

rare malignant lesions, soft purple-brown nodules or plaques on the feet that spread throughout the skin. Most often in men and associated with AIDS. Usually at the end of AIDS spread throughout the body

47
Q

Leukoplakia

A

– white, hard, thickened patches firmly attached to mucus membranes. Caused from irritating tobacco smoke or friction caused by a rough tooth or dentures. About 3% develop into cancerous lesions. Not removable, can be scraped off. Leuko meaning white. Plakia meaning plaque

48
Q

Psoriasis

A

A common, noninfectious, chronic skin disorder. It’s white scales over raised, red plaques, causes itching or pruritus. It comes and goes Treatment is topical treatment and UV light therapy. Looks like hard plaques

49
Q

Scabies

A

highly contagious, parasitic infestation caused by the human itch mites, resulting in rash and pruritis
Found in genital area, armpits, waistline, hands and breast. Burrows under the skin and lays eggs. Likes to be in warm dark places.

50
Q

Decubitus ulcer

A

bedsore – caused by loss of blood supply which is ischemia, which turns into necrosis (complete loss of blood supply) some more susceptible than others. Stage 4 goes to bone. People with diabetes prone to it and people with compromised immune disorders. Turn people in nursing homes over

51
Q

Onychomycosis

A

fungal infection of the nails can’t be kill by blood supply contagious meds might take 6 months to year might not work

52
Q

Verruca (wart)

A

benign, caused by human papillomavirus. Planter warts on foot. Can get them in locker rooms. Burrows its way into the epidermis which is without blood supply, so body can’t kill it. CO2 can freeze it off

53
Q

Eczema

A

red, itchy skin – not infectious – caused from an allergic reaction looks scaly

54
Q

Keloid

A

large elevated scar formed from collagen. Severe form from creating too much of a scar. Could happen from ears pierced

55
Q

Pilonidal cyst

A

cyst in the sacrococcygeal area – from coccyx to tailbone. It’s asymptomatic unless infected. If infected they’ll do an incision and drainage. Cyst is a fluid filled mass

56
Q

intradermal injections, patch testing, and scratch test

A

Expose you to Specific allergens. TB skin test. All kinds of different things

57
Q

Cryosurgery

A

a noninvasive treatment for skin cancer using liquid nitrogen that freezes and destroys the tissues. Like planar warts. Liver can regenerate itself

58
Q

Debridement

A

removal of debris, foreign objects, and necrotic tissue from a wound to prevent and infection and promote healing. Remove unhealthy tissue

59
Q

Skin biopsy

A

removal of a piece of tissue from skin lesions for a microscopic examination. They can use a punch or scalpel biopsy

60
Q

Curettage

A

– scraping away abnormal tissue. A woman has abnormal period or miscarriage might do this

61
Q

Electrodesiccation – or fulguration

A

an electrical current to destroy superficial lesions

HIT 140 (2 decks)

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