Ch 5: Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Question 1

Structures of the Heart

Answer 1

2 atrium, 2 ventricle, septum, bicuspid valve, tricuspid valve, coronary arteries and veins

Question 2

Parts of blood

Answer 2

plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

Question 3

Different types of blood vessels

Answer 3

arteries (carry blood away), arterioles (maintain pressure), capillaries, venuoles, veins

Question 4

What is plasma?

Answer 4

fluid that suspends the other parts of blood; liquid part of bloos

Question 5

What are red blood cells?

Answer 5

make up 40% of normal blood, transports O2 and CO2, transport nutrients and waste

Question 6

What is hemoglobin?

Answer 6

O2 and CO2 carrying protein found on red blood cells

Question 7

What is iron?

Answer 7

mineral found in hemoglobin that attracts O2

Question 8

What are Platelets?

Answer 8

part of blood that helps clot

Question 9

What are white blood cells

Answer 9

protect the body against infection

Question 10

What is the Vena Cava?

Answer 10

two large veins that carry deoxygenated blood from body to the right atrium of the heart

Question 11

What are capillaries?

Answer 11

smallest blood vessels where gases exchange

Question 12

what is the aorta?

Answer 12

largest artery and blood vessel in the body that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the body

Question 13

What is lymph?

Answer 13

clear fluid fluid that fills the spaces around body cells

Question 14

lymphocytes

Answer 14

specialized white blood cells that provide the body with immunity and protect the body against pathogens

Question 15

What are B cells

Answer 15

lymphocyte that produces antibodies to pathogens; memory cells and plasma cells

Question 16

What are memory cells

Answer 16

B cells that are activated if the body is exposed to the same pathogen a second time

Question 17

What are plasma cells?

Answer 17

B cells that multiply when they come in contact with pathogen; produce antibodies that attack the pathogen

Question 18

What are lymph nodes?

Answer 18

filters lymph and forms lymphocytes

Question 19

What are Killer T cells?

Answer 19

T cells that stop the spread of diseases within the body by releasing toxins to destroy abnormal and infected cells

Question 20

What are T cells?

Answer 20

lymphocyte produced and processed in the thymus gland; active part of the immune system

Question 21

What is systemic circulation?

Answer 21

continuous circulation of blood from the heart, to the body, and back to the heart

Question 22

What is pulmonary circulation?

Answer 22

continuous circulation of the blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart

Question 23

What are pulmonary veins?

Answer 23

blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

Question 24

What are pulmonary arteries?

Answer 24

blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs

Question 25

What is the atrium?

Answer 25

a top chamber of the heart where blood flows into first

Question 26

What is a ventricle?

Answer 26

a bottom chamber of the heart squeezes blood out of the heart

Question 27

What is blood pressure? What is considered a normal BP?

Answer 27

the force of blood against the arterial walls. normal blood pressure is 120/80

Question 28

What is systolic blood pressure?

Answer 28

maximum arterial pressure during contraction of the left ventricle of the heart, the top number of a BP measurement

Question 29

What is diastolic blood pressure?

Answer 29

minimal arterial pressure during relaxation and dilatation of the ventricles of the heart when the ventricles fill with blood; the bottom number of a BP measurement

Question 30

What is sphygmonamometer

Answer 30

instrument for measuring blood pressure

Question 31

What are 5 health behaviors to prevent cardiovascular disease?

Answer 31

eat low sodium and low fat, exercises regularly, avoid smoking, avoid substance abuse, manage stress

Question 32

What is cholesterol?

Answer 32

fatty substance that travels through blood