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Med Term > CH. 5 Cardiac Vocab > Flashcards

CH. 5 Cardiac Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

ACE Inhibitor

A

blocks the action of the enzyme that causes the blood vessels to contract, resulting in hypertension

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2
Q

Anemia

A

a lower-than-normal amount of RBCs in the blood

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3
Q

Aneurysm

A

a localized weak-spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery

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4
Q

Angina

A

chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium

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5
Q

Angioplasty

A

the technique of mechanically widening a narrow or obstructed blood vessel

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6
Q

Anticoagulant

A

medication that slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming

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7
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

a condition characterized by the absence of all formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

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8
Q

Arrythmia

A

the loss of a normal heart rhythm

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9
Q

Atherectomy

A

surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior lining of an artery

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10
Q

Atheroma

A

a deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall

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11
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of an artery caused by the buildup of plaque

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12
Q

Atrial Fibrillation

A

when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid, uncontrolled twitching of the muscular heart wall

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13
Q

Automated External Defibrillator

A

electronic equipment that automatically samples the heart’s electrical rhythms, and when necessary shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm

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14
Q

Beta-Blocker

A

a medication that reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heartbeat

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15
Q

Blood Dyscrasia

A

any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood

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16
Q

Bradycardia

A

abnormally slow resting heart rate

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17
Q

Cardiac Arrest

A

an event in which the heart abruptly stops beating, or creates an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood effectively

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18
Q

Cardiac Catheterization

A

a diagnostic and treatment procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or an artery and is guided to the heart

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19
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

the term used to describe all diseases of the heart muscle

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20
Q

Carotid Endarterectomy

A

surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain

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21
Q

Cholesterol

A

a fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found on all parts of the body

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22
Q

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

A

a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage from venous valves

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23
Q

Coronary Artery Disease

A

atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces blood supply to the heart muscle

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24
Q

Coronary Thrombosis

A

damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery

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25
Q

Defibrillation

A

the use of electrical shock used to restore the heart’s normal rhythm; also known as cardioversion

26
Q

Diuretic

A

medication administered to stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body of excess sodium and water

27
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

ECG, EKG; a record of the electrical activity of the myocardium

28
Q

Embolism

A

the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus

29
Q

Embolus

A

a foreign object such as a blood clot, quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood

30
Q

Endocarditis

A

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

31
Q

Erythrocytes

A

mature RBCs produced by the red bone marrow

32
Q

Hemoglobin

A

the oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes

33
Q

Hemolytic Anemia

A

a condition of an inadequate number of circulating RBCs due to the premature destruction of these cells by the spleen

34
Q

Hemostasis

A

to stop or control bleeding

35
Q

Leukemia

A

a type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes found in blood-forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood.

36
Q

Leukocytes

A

WBCs

37
Q

Leukopenia

A

a decrease in the number of disease-fighting WBCs circulating in the blood

38
Q

Megaloblastic Anemia

A

a blood disorder characterized by anemia in which RBCs are larger than normal

39
Q

Myelodysplastic Syndrome

A

a type of cancer in which there is insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow

40
Q

Myocardial Infarction

A

MI; the occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup; heart attack

41
Q

Orthostatic Hypotension

A

low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up; also known as postural hypotension

42
Q

Pericardium

A

the double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart

43
Q

Pernicious Anemia

A

a type of anemia caused by a lack of protein that helps the body absorb vitamin B12, which is necessary for the formation of RBCs

44
Q

Phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein

45
Q

Raynaud’s Disease

A

a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress.

46
Q

Sepsis

A

a potentially life-threatening infection that result from bacteria or other infectious organisms entering the blood stream

47
Q

Sickle Cell Anemia

A

a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some RBCs assuming an abnormal sickle shape that interferes with normal blood flow.

48
Q

Tachycardia

A

abnormally rapid resting heart rate

49
Q

Temporal Arteritis

A

a form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual impairment, jaw pain, and other symptoms

50
Q

Thallium Stress Test

A

a diagnostic tests performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart muscle during exercise

51
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood

52
Q

Thrombolytic

A

medication that dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up; also known as a clot busting drug

53
Q

Thrombosis

A

the abnormal condition of having a thrombus

54
Q

Thrombotic Occlusion

A

the blocking of an artery by a thrombus

55
Q

Thrombus

A

a blood clot attached to the interior wall of a vein or an artery

56
Q

Transfusion Reaction

A

a serious and potentially fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the pt’s blood and the donated blood do not match

57
Q

Valulitis

A

inflammation of a heart valve

58
Q

Varicose Veins

A

abnormally swollen veins, usually occurring in the superficial veins of the legs

59
Q

Ventricular Fibrillation

A

the rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricals

60
Q

Ventricular Tachycardia

A

a very rapid heartbeat that begins in the ventricles

Med Term (10 decks)

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