Ch 5 Flashcards
What is a theory?
A proposed explanation, framework, or model of a natural or social phenomenon or set of phenomena
What is a model?
An ideal prototype pf the major parts of a complex phenomenon or system
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“A set of variables & the relationships among them”
Explain how the system works
Valid theory means
fits the observed phenomena
Exhaustive theory
It explains all associated phenomena
Elegant theory
Succinct (concise)
Parsimonious theory
Uses the least ideas to explain the most facts
(Frugal)
Exclusive
NOT overlap with the other explanations
Testable theory
Essence or parts can be proved or disproved
Predictive theory
Makes predictions about future observations
Consistent theory
Its components do not contradict each other
Flexible theory
Easily be adapted with new information
Explanatory theory
Serves to explain, not merely describe
…….. needed as a basis of evidence
Multiple observations
To establish a causal relationship
Correlation or association of variables is not sufficient
Manipulation (of conditions) is needed (to see if changes will occur only with altered variables
Challenges to stuttering research
-difficult to observe its onset
-characteristics change with age
-inconsistent occurrence (stuttering events and conditions are variable)
-ethical limitations
