ch 5; 11-20 Flashcards
MS-Windows
-First version was Windows 95 (1995)…. Current is Windows 11
-Previous versions of Windows (i.e. Windows 3.1) were NOT operating systems, but application programs that ran on MS-DOS.
-Most popular OS (~73% of desktops/portable run some version of Windows).
-Considered to be less stable (i.e. crashes more often) and less secure (i.e. higher probability of being infected with a computer virus) than Mac OSX.
-Windows systems are much less expensive than Macs
Mac OS
-Originally released in 1984.
-(Almost) first commercial computer to use a GUI.
-Much, much more expensive than MS-DOS/MS-Windows computers of the time.
-Replaced by Mac OSX in 2001.
Mac OSX
-First released in 2001.
-Completely new OS (based on UNIX and NeXTStep) and hardware.
-Considered more stable (less likely to crash) and more secure (less likely to be infected with a computer virus) than Windows.
-More expensive (often by 1.5-3 times) than Windows computers.
-~ 14% market share
Linux
-Open Source, so can download for free, including source code
-Multiple versions (Red Hat, Ubuntu, openSUSE, ChromeOS, etc.)
-Most commonly installed on IBM-PC computers (instead of MS-Windows)
-Less software available than for MS-Windows or MacOSX
-~ 2% market share
Configuring Desktop Operating Systems
-MS-Windows: Control Panel / Settings Window
-Mac OSX: System Preferences
User Accounts:
-Standard Account
-Administrator Account
-Others (child, guest)
Embedded Operating Systems
-A specialized OS that runs in various electronic devices
-Very small, normally fits on a single chip
-Examples: GPS devices, ATMs, sensors, microwave ovens, thermostats, etc.
Mobile Operating Systems
-Operating systems that run on mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets
-More full-featured than embedded OS’s but not as full-featured as desktop OS’s
-Apple iOS (derived from Mac OSX)
-Google Android (derived from Linux)
Apple iOS
-Scaled down version of Mac OSX used in iPhones and iPads
-Proprietary - found only on Apple devices
-More expensive (usually)
-“Ecosystem” tightly controlled, can only install apps from Apple App Store-Personal data is kept more private than with competitors
-Leading mobile OS by company (but not overall)
Google Android
-Open source
-Scaled down version of Linux
-Found in devices from many companies (Samsung, Nokia, LG, etc.)
-Less restrictive; recommended apps be downloaded from Google Play Store, but can download from anywhere
-Less privacy for personal data
-Leading mobile OS overall
Network Operating Systems (NOS)
-Used in client-server networks
-A multi-user operating system that controls the software and hardware running on a network
-Allows multiple client computers to communicate with the network server to share resources, run applications, etc.
-Provides services such as user accounts, security, file and print services, Internet and email services, etc.
-Allows for centralized management
- Windows Server, Linux, Mac OSX, Unix
