Ch. 47 Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease Flashcards
What are the characteristics of acute kidney injury?
sudden onsite, diagnosed by rise in creatinine and/or reduction in urine output; potentially reversible
What are the most common causes of acute kidney injury?
severe prolonged hypotension or hypovolemia, exposure to nephrotoxic agen, or acute tubular necrosis
What happens to lab values in acute kidney injury?
increase in BUN, creatinine, and potassium occurring with or without decreased urine output
How are the causes of acute kidney injury categorized?
prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal
What is azotemia?
an accumulation of nitrogenous waste products in the blood (BUN or creatinine)
What is the pathophysiology of prerenal acute kidney injury?
decreased perfusion to the kidneys, leading to decreased filtration
What is prerenal oliguria?
caused by decrease blood to the kidneys, no damage is done to kidneys, is reversible with treatment
