Ch. 4.5 Flashcards
What are 2-3 parts of an IPv6 packet?
Header
Optional Extension
Payload
Is the Main Header in IPv6 a fixed length?
How about a IPv4 header?
IPv6: Yes, it’s fixed
IPv4: No, can be changed
What are these fields used for?
Traffic Class
Describes packet’s priority
What are these fields used for?
Flow Label
QoS management (real time streams)
What are these fields used for?
Payload Length
What’s the maximum length of a payload?
Indicates length of payload
Maximum of 64KB
What happens if Payload Length is bigger than the maximum length?
The value is set to 0
The special Jumbo Payload of 4GB is established
What are these fields used for?
Next Header
Describes next extension header
OR
Is where actual payload begins
What are these fields used for?
Hop Limit
Replaces TTL field and performs same function
What is Canonical Notation for IPv6 address?
Hex double bytes with colon delimitations and 0 compression
Example
2001:db8::abc:0:def0:1234
Can you use a double colon compression once or twice in Canonical Notation?
Once only
What do you have to do if you put an IPv6 address in a URL?
Put the IPv6 Address in brackets []
https://[2001:db8::abc:0:def0:1234]/index.htm
How is an IPv6 address formated?
First 64 bit is Network ID
Second 64 bit is Interface ID
2001:db8:3c4d::/48
What does the /48 mean?
The length of network prefix in bits
Can IPv6 use Unicast?
Can IPv6 use Broadcast?
Can IPv6 use Multicast?
Can IPv6 use Anycast?
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
What does globally scoped address mean?
Routable over the internet
What indicate an address is globally scoped?
In Hex format?
The first 3 bits are 001
0010 or 0011
What part of the IPv6 addressing is before the Interface ID?
16 bit Subnet mask
.
.
How long is the Interface ID?
64 bit
What’s the first way to get the 64 bit interface ID?
Using the 48 bit MAC address through the EUI -64 (Extended Unique Identifier-64)
During the EUI-64, what is done? (2)
Add fffe in the middle of the MAC address
Flip the 7th bit
What’s the second way to get the 64 bit interface ID?
Privacy Extensions
Client uses pseudorandom temporary interface ID or Token
What is Link Local Addressing?
Spans a single subnet.
What is the link local range in IPv6?
fe80::/10
Starts w/ fe80 and the next 54 bits are set to 0
What is Link Local Address range in IPv4?
APIPA
169.254.0.0
Does an IPv6 host always have a link local address for each link?
Yes
Why is a zone index (scope id) important?
Used for Link Local Addresses
It’s how to tell multiple local ports apart for local communications.
What is the zone index in Windows or Linux?
Windows: %1
Linux: %eth0
What are the first 8 bits on a multicast?
1111 1111
or
ff
What are the parts of a multicast? (4)
First 8 bits: ff
Next 4 bits: 0000 or Sets flag types
Next 4 bits: Determines scope
1 is node-local
2 is link local
Last 112 bits: Define multicast groups in scope
What is MLD protocol stand for?
What does it do?
Multicast Listener Discovery
Allows nodes to join multicast group and see if members are present on local subnet
Are broadcast addresses part of IPv6?
No
What is ND protocol stand for?
What is it?
Neighbor Discover
Used by IPv6 to replace ARP
What is ARP for?
Address Resolution Protocol
Maps out MAC addresess to IP addresses
Can IPv6 use Unicast?
Can IPv6 use Broadcast?
Can IPv6 use Multicast?
Can IPv6 use Anycast?
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
What is Dual Stack?
Runs both IPv4 and IPv6
What is tunneling?
Alternative to dual stack
Deliver IPv6 packets to IPv4 networks
.
Puts IPv6 packets in IPv4 packets
What prefix does tunneling 6to4 use?
2002::/16
What has 6to4 been replaced with?
6RD (Rapid Deployment)
The 2002::/16 prefix is replaced by ISP
How does Microsoft provide support for Tunneling?
Teredo protocol.
Uses 3544/UDP
What is NAT64?
Transition IPv4 to IPv6
What prefix does NAT64 use?
64:ff9b::/96
What is the Global Unicast prefix?
What is the Leading Hex Characters?
2000::3
2 and 3
What is the Link Local Unicast prefix?
What is the Leading Hex Characters?
fe80::/10
fe80
What is the Multicast unicast prefix?
What is the Leading Hex Characters?
fe80::/8
ff
ff02::1 (all nodes)
What is the Multicast (Link Local) prefix?
What is the Leading Hex Characters?
ff02::/16
ff02::2 (all routers)
ff02::1:2 (DHCP)
What is the Solicited-node prefix?
What is the Leading Hex Characters?
ff02::1:ff00:0/104
ff02::1:ff
What is the Unspecified prefix?
What is the Leading Hex Characters?
::/128
0::0
What is the Loopback prefix?
What is the Leading Hex Characters?
::1/128
::1
What is the Documentation/Examples prefix?
What is the Leading Hex Characters?
2001:db8::/32
2001:db8
What is the Unspecified address prefix?
0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
Describe the 3 parts of the 1st half of Network ID.
3 bit Global Routing Prefix (001)
45 bit Network ID
16 bit Subnet
=64 bits
