Ch 4 - Phonology

Question 1

Allomorph

Answer 1

an alternative realization of a phoneme in a particular phonological environment

Question 2

Allophone

Answer 2

a phonetic manifestation of a phoneme in a particular phonological environment

Question 3

Complementary Distribution

Answer 3

a pattern of distribution of two or more sounds that do not occur in the same position within a word

Question 4

Contrast

Answer 4

the relationship between to forms when one can be substituted for the other resulting in a different meaning

Question 5

Minimal Pair

Answer 5

a pair of words that differ by only a single sound in the given position

Question 6

Phoneme

Answer 6

a distinctive and significant element in the sound system of a language

Question 7

Phonological Rule

Answer 7

a specification of the allophones of a particular phoneme and their distribution

Question 8

Predictable difference

Answer 8

a difference determined by a general rule

Question 9

Transcription

Answer 9

any written form of a spoken utterance

Question 10

Transliteration

Answer 10

to represent (letters or words) in the corresponding characters of another alphabet

Question 11

Phoneme

Answer 11

is a structural unit in the sound system of a language

Question 12

Free Variation

Answer 12

when two phonetically similar sounds such as [p] and [p’] can occur in the same position in a word but cannot form contrasting words, they are said to be free in variation

Question 13

Natural Classes of Sounds

Answer 13

a natural class contains all (and only) the sounds that share a particular set of features

Question 14

Syllable

Answer 14

is a phonological unit consisting of one or more sounds and that syllables are divided into two parts - an onset and a rhyme