CH 4 Pediatric Pulmonary physiology and pathophysiology Flashcards
Pediatric ECMO is defined as an age group of ?
> 30 days of life
What are the 3 most common reasons that pediatrics require ECLS ?
Viral Pneumonia
Bacterial Pneumonia
Aspiration Pneumonia
What is the most common diagnosis for the pediatric pulmonary group ?
Viral Pneumonia
accounts for 90% of pneumonia cases in children, & 4 - 39% in the adults.
The combination of what two things interrupts the gas exchange capability of the lungs during viral pneumonia?
- ) Cellular Destruction
2. ) Fluid filled alveoli
Viral pneumonias are caused by ?
Influenze types A,B,C
What virus is most common in infants and young children?
Repiratory Syncytial Virus
What are 6 comlications of viral pneumonia ?
Superimposed bacterial infections Respiratory failure Pulmonary Fibrosis ARDS Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema Reyes Syndrome
Viral pneumonia usually has good prognosis but death can occur with what viruses in the pediatric and elderly populations?
- Adenovirus
- Influenza Infections
What are the most common conditions in sepsis that may require ECMO ?
- ARDS
- Bacterial Pneumonia
Acute bacterial infection in the lung parynchyma that causes severe inflammatory response that fills the alveoli and prevents them from exchanging gas normally ?
Bacterial Pneumonia
What are the two most common bacteria that would necessitate ECMO ?
- Staphylococcus Aureus
- Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci (GBS)
Some centers have reported that they have controlled severe bleeding without having thrombosis within the ECMO circuit by doing what?
Factor VII administration
What is the most common bacterial pneumonia ?
Streptococcus pneumonia
Empyema definition ?
Pus collection in the lungs
Severity of hypoxemia in ARDS is calculated by?
PaO2/FiO2 ratio less than 200
