Ch. 4 - Hearing Flashcards

1
Q

basilar membrane

A

thin strip of tissue within the cochlea that contains the hair cells which serve as the sensory receptors for the auditory system

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2
Q

hair cell

A

auditory receptor cell of the inner ear

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3
Q

pinna

A

visible part of the ear that protrudes from the head

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4
Q

tympanic membrane

A

eardrum

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5
Q

ossicles

A

malleus, incus, stapes, small bones that make up the middle ear and transfer vibration from the tympanum to the inner ear

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6
Q

cochlea

A

the spiral cavity of the inner ear containing the organ of Corti

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7
Q

organ of Corti

A

converts sound waves into neural signals, these signals are passed to the brain via the auditory nerve

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8
Q

pitch

A

frequency of a sound wave

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9
Q

decibels

A

measurement of loudness, generally associate with higher amplitude

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10
Q

timbre

A

a sound’s purity, it is affected by the complex interplay of frequency, amplitude, and timing of sound waves

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11
Q

binaural cue

A

two-eared cue to localize sound

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12
Q

conductive hearing loss

A

failure in the vibration of the eardrum and/or movement of the ossicles

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13
Q

interaural level difference

A

sound coming from one side of the body is more intense at the closest ear because of the attenuation of the sound wave as it passes through the head

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14
Q

interaural timing difference

A

small difference in the time at which a given sound wave arrives at each ear

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15
Q

place theory of pitch perception

A

different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies

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16
Q

temporal theory of pitch perception

A

sound’s frequency is coded by the activity level of a sensory neuron; best explains low frequency sounds

17
Q

sensorineural hearing loss

A

failure to transmit neural signals from the cochlea to the brain