Ch 4 Grammar Flashcards
What is a declension?
a group of nouns that share a common set of inflected endings
Nouns in the 1st declension have a genitive that ends in what letters?
ae
What are the three characteristic that all Latin nouns have?
Case, Number, Gender
Most nouns of the first declension are what gender?
feminine
What are the most common masculine nouns that are in the first declension?
poēta, Agricola, incola, Nauta
(Remember PAIN as an acronym)
What is case?
Case reveals a noun’s job or how it functions
What does it mean to decline?
to list a noun with all of the case endings that belong to its declension
What functions does the nominative do?
- It names the subject of the sentence
- used to identify the predicate nominate or predicate adjective
What is a predicate?
a noun or adjective that renames the subject
(it tells you something about the subject; for example, “God is love,” tells you that God is loving)
What are the 5 cases?
- nominative
- genitive
- dative
- accusative
- ablative
What job does the nominative perform?
subject, predicate
What job does the genitive perform?
possession
What job does the dative perform?
indirect object
What job does the accusative perform?
direct object, object of preposition
What job does the ablative perform?
object of preposition
What are the first declension singular case endings for the five cases?
a
ae
ae
am
ā
What are the first declension plural case endings for the five cases?
ae
ārum
īs
ās
īs
What is the key word for translating the genitive?
of
What are the key words for translating the dative?
to/for
What are the key words for translating the ablative?
by/with/from
What three pieces of information will be provided in your flashcards and in the dictionary?
Nominative singular, genitive singular, and gender
Why does your flashcards and dictionary give the genitive?
- So that you can determine the stem
- And determine the declension
Note: Review the following Latin Paradigm
Ch 4, 6, 10_Latin_1st, 2nd, and 3rd Declension Case Endings
