CH 4: General Properties of Aqueous Solutions

Question 1

solvent

Answer 1

of solution, the substance present in the greatest quantity

Question 2

solutes

Answer 2

dissolved in the solvent

Question 3

aqueous solution

Answer 3

solution in which water is the dissolving medium

Question 4

electrolyte

Answer 4

substance whose aqueous solutions contain ions

Question 5

nonelectolyte

Answer 5

substance that does not form ions in solution

Question 6

solvation

Answer 6

helps stabilize the ions in solution and prevents cations and anions from recombining.

Question 7

strong elecrolytes

Answer 7

solutes exist in solution completely or nearly completely as ions

Question 8

weak electolytes

Answer 8

solutes that exist in solution mostly in form of neutral molecules with only a small fraction in form of ions

Question 9

chemical equilibrium

Answer 9

relative numbers of each type of ion or molecule in reaction are reactions that go both forward and backward to achieve equilibrium, such as ionization of weak electrolytes.

Question 10

precipitation reactions

Answer 10

reaction that results in formation of an insoluble product

Question 11

precipitate

Answer 11

insoluble solid formed by a reaction in solution

Question 12

solubility

Answer 12

the amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at the given temperature

Question 13

exchange/metathesis reactions

Answer 13

reactions in which cations and anions appear to exchange partners

Question 14

molecular equation

Answer 14

shows complete chemical formulas of reactants and products

Question 15

complete ionic equation

Answer 15

written with all soluble strong electrolytes shown as ions

Question 16

spectator ions

Answer 16

ions that appear in identatcal forms on both sides of a complete ioinic equation

Question 17

net ionic equation

Answer 17

after spectator ions canceled out, left with only ions and molecules directly involved in the reaction