Ch. 4 Definitions

Question 1

Death rate

Answer 1

Number of deaths per year for every 1,000 people

Question 2

Natural Increase

Answer 2

The growth rate of a difference between birthrate and death rate

Question 3

Demographic Transition

Answer 3

The model that uses birthrates and death rates to show how populations in countries or regions change over time

Question 4

Population Pyramid

Answer 4

A diagram that shows the distribution of a population

Question 5

Population Density

Answer 5

The average number of people living on a square mile or square kilometer of land

Question 6

Autocracy (Dictatorship)

Answer 6

System of government in which one person rules with unlimited power and authority

Question 7

Monarchy

Answer 7

A from of autocracy with a hereditary king or queen exercising supreme power

Question 8

Theocracy

Answer 8

System of government in which the officials are regarded as divinely inspired

Question 9

Natural Boundary

Answer 9

A fixed limited or extent defined along physical geographic features such as mountains and rivers

Question 10

Market Economy (capitalism)

Answer 10

An economic system based on free enterprise, in which businesses are privately owned and production and prices are determined by supply and demand

Question 11

Free Enterprise

Answer 11

A system in which private individuals or groups have the right to own property or businesses and make a profit with limited government inference

Question 12

Command Economy

Answer 12

A system of resource management in which decisions about production and distribution of goods and services are made by a central authority

Question 13

More developed country

Answer 13

A country that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less developed nation

Question 14

Newly industrialized country

Answer 14

A country that has begun transitioning from primarily agricultural to primarily manufacturing and industrial activity

Question 15

Less developed country

Answer 15

A country that, according to the United Nations, exhibits the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development

Question 16

Infrastructure

Answer 16

The set of systems that affect how well a place or organization operates, such as telephone or transportation systems, within a country

Question 17

Metropolitan

Answer 17

Region that includes a central city and its surrounding suburbs

Question 18

Central Business District (CBD)

Answer 18

A central business district (CBD) is the commercial and business centre of a city. In larger cities, it is often synonymous with the city’s “financial district”

Question 19

Infant mortality rate

Answer 19

The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths under one year of age occurring among the live births in a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 live births occurring among the population of the given geographical area during the same year.

Question 20

Per capita income

Answer 20

Per capita income is the mean money income received in the past 12 months computed for every man, woman, and child in a geographic area. It is derived by dividing the total income of all people 15 years old and over in a geographic area by the total population in that area.

Question 21

Primary Activities

Answer 21

Involve taking or using natural resources that are being gathered or used (ex. Farming, Grazing, Fishing, Forestry, Mining, etc…)

Question 22

Secondary Activities

Answer 22

Use raw materials to make a tangible product that is new and more valuable than the original raw material (ex. Manufacturing automobiles, Assembling electronic goods, Producing electronic power, Making pottery, etc…)

Question 23

Tertiary Activities (Services)

Answer 23

Do NOT involve directly acquiring and remaking natural resources, but it DOES provide services to people and businesses (ex. Doctors, Teachers, Lawyers, Bankers, Truck drivers, Store clerks, etc…)

Question 24

Quarternary Activities

Answer 24

Concerned with the processing, management, and distribution of information (ex. Education, Government, Business, Research, information processing, etc…)

Question 25

Literacy rate

Answer 25

The percentage of people in a place who can read and write

Question 26

Standard of living

Answer 26

A measure of people’s quality of life, based on access of material goods

Question 27

Gross domestic product (GDP)

Answer 27

Total value of goods and services produced WITHIN a country

Question 28

Human development index

Answer 28

A measure of economic and social well-being on a scale from 0 to 1

Question 29

Telecommunications

Answer 29

Electronically transmitted communications

Question 30

Stage 1 of population growth

Answer 30

BR- high
DR- high
No growth

Question 31

Stage 2 of population growth

Answer 31

BR- high
DR- low
Rapid growth in population
19 against 4

Question 32

Stage 3 of population growth

Answer 32

BR- med
DR- low
Small amount of growth
13 against 8

Question 33

Stage 4 of population growth

Answer 33

BR- low
DR- low
ZPG- zero population growth
UK 10.6 against 10

Question 34

Stage 5 of population growth

Answer 34

Death rates are higher than the birth rates- negative growth

Question 35

Birthrate

Answer 35

Number of births per year for every 1,000 people

Question 36

Cultural hearth

Answer 36

A center where cultures develop and from which ideas and traditions spread outward

Question 37

Ethnocentrism

Answer 37

Having or based on the idea that your own group or culture is better or more important than others

Question 38

Innovation

Answer 38

The action of creating a new method,idea, product, etc…

Question 39

Diffusion

Answer 39

Spreading of something (religion) more widely

Question 40

Acculturation

Answer 40

The process of adopting the cultural traits or social patterns of another group